An example of an internal factor that can cause mutations is errors that occur during DNA replication. When cells divide, the DNA must be accurately copied; however, mistakes can happen, leading to changes in the genetic sequence. Additionally, spontaneous chemical changes, such as deamination of bases, can also result in mutations. These internal factors can contribute to genetic variation and, in some cases, lead to diseases such as cancer.
Mutations can cause diseases such as cancer
Mutations themselves do not cause infections; rather, they can occur in pathogens like bacteria and viruses, potentially affecting their ability to infect hosts. For example, mutations may enhance a virus's transmissibility or resistance to treatments, leading to more severe outbreaks. In this way, while mutations are a factor in the evolution of infectious agents, the actual infections are caused by the pathogens themselves, not the mutations directly.
Mutations cause certain traits.
The F8 and F9 genes encode the clotting factors VIII and IX, respectively, which are essential for normal blood coagulation. Mutations in the F8 gene often lead to Hemophilia A, characterized by a deficiency in factor VIII, while mutations in the F9 gene cause Hemophilia B, resulting in a deficiency of factor IX. These mutations can include point mutations, insertions, deletions, and large rearrangements, which disrupt the production or function of these clotting factors, leading to increased bleeding tendencies. Both conditions are inherited in an X-linked recessive manner, primarily affecting males.
DNA polymerase
Mutations can cause diseases such as cancer
While this question should be recategorized because external stimuli do not cause the mutations that result in hemophilia, there are many types of radiation that can cause gene mutations as well as chemical exposure. For example sun light is UV light radiation wich can cause mutations (for example the mutations that result in skin cancer).
Mutations themselves do not cause infections; rather, they can occur in pathogens like bacteria and viruses, potentially affecting their ability to infect hosts. For example, mutations may enhance a virus's transmissibility or resistance to treatments, leading to more severe outbreaks. In this way, while mutations are a factor in the evolution of infectious agents, the actual infections are caused by the pathogens themselves, not the mutations directly.
Mutations cause certain traits.
Many herbicides and pesticides hit the nuclear material and cause mutations when used to protect crop plants. Apart from causing mutations these very chemicals are carcinogenic in nature and cause cancer.
it cause every cell
Some mutations cause cells to lose control over cell division
The F8 and F9 genes encode the clotting factors VIII and IX, respectively, which are essential for normal blood coagulation. Mutations in the F8 gene often lead to Hemophilia A, characterized by a deficiency in factor VIII, while mutations in the F9 gene cause Hemophilia B, resulting in a deficiency of factor IX. These mutations can include point mutations, insertions, deletions, and large rearrangements, which disrupt the production or function of these clotting factors, leading to increased bleeding tendencies. Both conditions are inherited in an X-linked recessive manner, primarily affecting males.
DNA polymerase
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Natural radioactivity can cause spontaneous mutations in an organism's DNA. These mutations are often referred to as spontaneous mutations or radiation-induced mutations.
Mutations are usually anomalies in the sequence of a particular strand of DNA. The change is the sequence can be of various kinds and their individual effects vary. Sometimes mutations occur but they are never expressed. In such cases, on the whole, the mutation has had no impact. Changes in a single nucleotide can change the reading frame for protein coding regions and can cause misreading of the genetic code. For example, nonsense mutations caused by the exchange of a nucleotide leading to a stop codon can cause truncation of a protein. On the other hand, we can have silent mutations which show no effect because the nucleotide that has been exchanged does not cause change in amino acid sequence. So this would be an example of a mutation which shows no effect.