The word mare is roughly translated from the French to mean ocean or sea. There are large open basaltic areas on the moon, and they are "vast" in a way similar to the sea. And it was natural for those naming the features to apply this term to some of them. There are a number of features like this on the moon, and you can learn more by using the links below. The first link is to the lunar mare where the term is defined, and the second one is to a list of lunar mare.
Without a telescope, you can see the different phases of the moon, lunar craters, and dark patches known as lunar seas or maria. You may also see some of the moon's prominent features, such as the Tycho crater or the Apennine Mountains.
Lunar geology focuses on the study of geological features, structures, and processes specific to the Moon. It involves examining the Moon's surface, impact craters, volcanic plains, and regolith. In contrast, general geology encompasses the study of Earth's composition, structure, and processes, such as plate tectonics, mineral formations, and rock formations.
Lunar mare are dark, smooth plains formed by ancient volcanic activity, while lunar highlands are lighter-colored, rugged terrains composed of mountains, hills, and craters. Mare regions have fewer impact craters than highlands, indicating younger geological features. Mare plains formed from lava flows that filled large impact basins, while highlands represent the original lunar crust.
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A lunar astronomer is a scientist who studies the Moon and its astronomical phenomena, such as its geology, surface features, and movements. They may use telescopes, spacecraft data, or conduct experiments to better understand the Moon's properties and behavior.
The oldest lunar features are called lunar highlands. These are areas on the Moon's surface that are heavily cratered and have not experienced significant volcanic activity, making them some of the oldest regions on the Moon.
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The Lunar Highlands, which are 4.4 billion years old.
The youngest lunar feature is a volcanic crater called Aristarchus Plateau located on the Moon's near side. It has a bright spot due to recent volcanic activity, and radiometric dating estimates its age at around 450 million years old.
Some of the oldest lunar features include the highland crusts in the southern hemisphere of the Moon and impact craters like the South Pole-Aitken basin. These features provide valuable insights into the early history of the Moon and the solar system.
Without a telescope, you can see the different phases of the moon, lunar craters, and dark patches known as lunar seas or maria. You may also see some of the moon's prominent features, such as the Tycho crater or the Apennine Mountains.
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Lunar geology focuses on the study of geological features, structures, and processes specific to the Moon. It involves examining the Moon's surface, impact craters, volcanic plains, and regolith. In contrast, general geology encompasses the study of Earth's composition, structure, and processes, such as plate tectonics, mineral formations, and rock formations.
Selenography is the study of the surface and physical features of the Moon. Historically, the principal concern of selenographists was the mapping and naming of the lunar maria, craters, mountain ranges, and other various features.