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How does an atom that loses electrons such as in beta decay end up with a different atomic number?
When the number of protons in the nucleus is changed, and an electron or positron created, the atom undergoing decay becomes, in effect, a different element. The number of protons is what determines the elemental status of an atom.In beta decay, a neutron becomes a proton and the nucleus releases an electron and antineutrino.In beta+ decay (aka positron emission), a proton becomes a neutron, releasing a positron and antineutrino. In each case, the decay changes the neutron/proton ratio and makes the atom more stable.
What are the isotopes that give off energy and emit particles are known as?
Isotopes that emit particles and give off energy are known as "radioactive" isotopes. The particles they emit generally come in the form of α-radiation i.e α particles (helium nucleus), and ß-radiation, i.e. ß-particles (electron or positron). Some small amount of neutrons may be emitted by an isotope as a byproduct of α-radiation. The primary energy emitted by radioactive isotopes is gamma radiation and heat; the heat comes from the effect of α-, ß and gamma radiation being absorbed by the surrounding materials.
What is the principal effect of the presence of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom?
It is suposed that neutrons are necessary for the stability of the atomic nucleus.
What is a trend of sheilding effect in periods?
The shielding effect in periods refers to the decrease in the shielding effect as you move across a period from left to right. This is because the number of protons in the nucleus increases, resulting in a stronger positive charge that pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus, reducing the shielding effect. This leads to a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electrons.
An alpha particle is identical to?
Alpha particle has same effect with gamma rays in photographic effect ,both can can blacken a photographic film.And it has same effect with beta particles in the effect of electric and magnetic fields, both are deflected by electric and magnetic fields.
Why do positron emission and electron capture have the same effect on a nucleus?
The reason positron emission and electron capture have the same effect on the nucleus of an atom is because the resulting atom undergoes nuclear transformation, and the new element will have one less proton and one more neutron than the precursor element. Both of these nuclear changes are interesting, so let's look a bit more closely. In positron emission (also called beta plus decay), a proton in the nucleus of an atom "changes" into a neutron and a positron is ejected. This results in one less proton in that nucleus (naturally), and the creation of a new element. And because the proton had become a neutron, the nucleus has the same number of nucleons and a similar atomic weight. In electron capture, a nucleus with "too many" protons will actually "pull in" an electron and take it into its nucleus. This electron will "combine" with a proton, and a neutron will result. This will reduce the number of protons in the nucleus, and the creation of a new element -- just like in positron emission. Links to related questions can be found below.
How does an atom that loses electrons such as in beta decay end up with a different atomic number?
When the number of protons in the nucleus is changed, and an electron or positron created, the atom undergoing decay becomes, in effect, a different element. The number of protons is what determines the elemental status of an atom.In beta decay, a neutron becomes a proton and the nucleus releases an electron and antineutrino.In beta+ decay (aka positron emission), a proton becomes a neutron, releasing a positron and antineutrino. In each case, the decay changes the neutron/proton ratio and makes the atom more stable.
What is emitted when a neutron decays into a proton?
A neutron in an atomic nucleus changes into a proton and an electron and an antineutrino. The electron is ejected from the nucleus and the antineutrino escapes, and that ejected electron is called a beta minus particle. Yes, it is still an electron, but the designation as a beta minus particle makes it clear where it came from - the result of the transformation of a neutron into a proton, that electron and the antineutrino (which carries off extra energy).
In beta Decay a neutron is converted into a proton and what?
In beta decay, the nucleus of the atom emits an electron. This is a new electron, not one of the electrons in the electron cloud. This does indeed have the effect of changing a neutron into a proton, because total charge has to be conserved - if a new negative thing exists, there has to be a new positive thing too. But the mass has to stay the same too - conveniently, protons and neutrons have almost the same mass.
What different between the electron capture and emission positron?
In one of them a positron is emitted. In the other an electron is captured. Since positrons are the antiparticles of electrons, it can be difficult in some cases to sort out which of these has actually occurred. Given the preponderance of electrons in normal matter, either way the net effect is going to be that an electron goes missing somewhere, either because it was "captured" or because it was annihilated when the positron ran into it.
What is the effect of beta decay on the composition of a nucleus?
Beta decay changes the composition of a nucleus by transforming a neutron into a proton, accompanied by the emission of a beta particle (electron or positron) and an antineutrino or neutrino. This process increases the atomic number of the nucleus while keeping the mass number constant, leading to the formation of a different element.
What does the effect of beta decay on the composition of a nucleus?
Beta decay can change the composition of a nucleus by transforming a neutron into a proton, resulting in the emission of a beta particle (electron) and an antineutrino. This process increases the atomic number of the nucleus while keeping the mass number constant, resulting in a different element.
What are the isotopes that give off energy and emit particles are known as?
Isotopes that emit particles and give off energy are known as "radioactive" isotopes. The particles they emit generally come in the form of α-radiation i.e α particles (helium nucleus), and ß-radiation, i.e. ß-particles (electron or positron). Some small amount of neutrons may be emitted by an isotope as a byproduct of α-radiation. The primary energy emitted by radioactive isotopes is gamma radiation and heat; the heat comes from the effect of α-, ß and gamma radiation being absorbed by the surrounding materials.
The apparent change in the frequency of a sound emitted by a moving object as it passes a stationary observer is called the what effect?
Doppler effect.
The first rotation of neutron stars is a consequence of what effect?
The conservation of angular momentum.
What are the possible modes of photon disintegration?
Photon disintegration can occur through the photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, and pair production. In the photoelectric effect, a photon is absorbed by an atom, ejecting an electron. Compton scattering involves a photon colliding with an electron, causing the photon to lose energy and change direction. Pair production occurs when a photon interacts with the nucleus of an atom, producing an electron-positron pair.
What does light do in photoeletric effect?
In the photoelectric effect, light (photons) ejects electrons from a material's surface, creating an electric current. The energy of each photon must exceed the material's work function for electrons to be emitted. The intensity of light affects the number of electrons emitted, while the frequency determines the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons.
