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What are enhancers in eukaryotes?
Enhancers are short DNA sequences that can increase transcription of specific genes by interacting with transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. They are located at variable distances from the gene they regulate and can function in an orientation-independent manner. Enhancers play a key role in gene expression regulation in eukaryotic cells.
What initiates the transcription of a specific gene?
Transcription of a specific gene is initiated when transcription factors bind to the gene's promoter region, a sequence located upstream of the gene. This binding recruits RNA polymerase, the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA, to the promoter. Additionally, the presence of enhancers and other regulatory elements can further facilitate or enhance the recruitment of RNA polymerase, ultimately leading to the transcription of the gene into messenger RNA (mRNA).
Enhancers must bind to the repressor protein?
Enhancers do not directly bind to repressor proteins. Enhancers typically bind to activator proteins, which in turn help recruit RNA polymerase to the promoter region of a gene, leading to gene transcription. Repressor proteins, on the other hand, bind to specific DNA sequences to inhibit gene transcription.
In eukaryotes the interaction of enhancer and promoter elements is brought closer by?
In eukaryotes, the interaction of enhancer and promoter elements is brought closer by the bending of DNA. Proteins called transcription factors bind to enhancer elements and recruit complexes that help bend and loop the DNA, bringing the enhancer and promoter regions into close proximity for efficient gene expression.
What are promoter proximal elements?
Promoter proximal elements are regulatory DNA sequences located near the core promoter of a gene, typically within 100-200 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site. They play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression by serving as binding sites for transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. These elements can enhance or repress transcription, depending on the specific factors that interact with them. Their proximity to the core promoter allows them to influence the recruitment of the transcriptional machinery effectively.
What are enhancers in eukaryotes?
Enhancers are short DNA sequences that can increase transcription of specific genes by interacting with transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. They are located at variable distances from the gene they regulate and can function in an orientation-independent manner. Enhancers play a key role in gene expression regulation in eukaryotic cells.
What do enhancers contribute to in the process of transcription?
Enhancers are DNA sequences that help regulate gene expression by increasing the rate of transcription. They contribute to the binding of transcription factors and RNA polymerase to the promoter region of a gene, ultimately leading to the production of mRNA.
How do enhancers increase transcription in gene regulation?
Enhancers increase transcription in gene regulation by binding to specific transcription factors, which then interact with the promoter region of a gene. This interaction helps to recruit RNA polymerase and other transcriptional machinery, leading to an increase in the rate of transcription of that gene.
Enhancers must bind to the repressor protein?
Enhancers do not directly bind to repressor proteins. Enhancers typically bind to activator proteins, which in turn help recruit RNA polymerase to the promoter region of a gene, leading to gene transcription. Repressor proteins, on the other hand, bind to specific DNA sequences to inhibit gene transcription.
What is difference promoter and develeper?
a promoter "gets the word out." Period. A developer builds whatever it is........real estate project usually.
Does cDNA have a promoter region?
Yes, cDNA does not have a promoter region because it is synthesized from mRNA and lacks the regulatory elements found in genomic DNA.
In eukaryotes the interaction of enhancer and promoter elements is brought closer by?
In eukaryotes, the interaction of enhancer and promoter elements is brought closer by the bending of DNA. Proteins called transcription factors bind to enhancer elements and recruit complexes that help bend and loop the DNA, bringing the enhancer and promoter regions into close proximity for efficient gene expression.
What is the difference between a director and a promoter in a company?
A promoter is a founder of a company. He may or may not be the director of the company. If the promoter is a director of the company as well, then he is subject to receiving of dividends as per his proportion of shareholding in the company.
Does eukaryotic transcription begin before the promoter clearance?
No, Eukayotic transcription begins after promoter clearance. Promoter clearance just prepares the transcription initiation complex to begin elongation. Promoter clearance does not produce any functional gene.
Are hox genes regulated by operons?
No, hox genes are not regulated by operons. Operons are found in prokaryotes and involve a group of genes that are transcribed together under the control of a single promoter. Hox genes are a group of eukaryotic genes that play a key role in embryonic development and are regulated by complex mechanisms involving enhancers and other regulatory elements.
What are promoter proximal elements?
Promoter proximal elements are regulatory DNA sequences located near the core promoter of a gene, typically within 100-200 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site. They play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression by serving as binding sites for transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. These elements can enhance or repress transcription, depending on the specific factors that interact with them. Their proximity to the core promoter allows them to influence the recruitment of the transcriptional machinery effectively.
How can a chromosomal rearrangement cause an increase in the expression level of a gene?
The gene could be moved behind a stronger promoter, the gene could be duplicated, occasionally changes in the 3' and 5' UTRs can result in increased mRNA stability. Chromosomal rearrangement could also influence levels of enhancers and repressors.
