The law that best explains why an organism with the genotype Tt will exhibit only the dominant phenotype is the Law of Dominance. This principle, established by Gregor Mendel, states that in a heterozygous genotype, the dominant allele (T) masks the expression of the recessive allele (t). Consequently, the presence of one dominant allele is sufficient to produce the dominant phenotype, resulting in the organism displaying that trait.
A dominant allele is a variant of a gene that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the organism's genotype. This means that if an individual has at least one dominant allele for a particular trait, that trait will be visibly expressed, overshadowing any recessive alleles that may also be present. Dominant alleles are typically represented by uppercase letters in genetic notation.
E. Multiple alleles. Multiple alleles refers to a gene that has more than two alleles which can result in a larger number of possible trait variations. This is different from traits that are controlled by dominant and recessive alleles, or exhibit incomplete dominance.
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If an individual is of the dominant phenotype, its genotype can be either AA or Aa (letter A picked for demonstration's sake). To do a good test cross, we have to be able to unambiguously tell which one of the genotypes the individual is. The best test cross would be conducted with a homozygous recessive (aa) individual. This way, if the cross generates 100% dominant phenotype, then the original individual was homozygous dominant. If the cross generates 50% dominant and 50% recessive phenotype, then the original individual was heterozygous.
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If you're given a general situation, it's best to make one up of your own and see the results. Say the dominant trait is B and the recessive trait is b. Therefore, a heterozygote would be Bb. If you cross a Bb with a Bb, you will get BB, Bb, Bb, and bb. Any offspring with just one dominant allele will have the dominant trait. So three of the four (75%) are phenotypically dominant and one of the four (25%) is phenotypically recessive.
A dominant allele is a variant of a gene that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the organism's genotype. This means that if an individual has at least one dominant allele for a particular trait, that trait will be visibly expressed, overshadowing any recessive alleles that may also be present. Dominant alleles are typically represented by uppercase letters in genetic notation.
Mutation can introduce new genetic variations that can lead to advantageous traits, such as increased resistance to diseases or better adaptation to changing environments. This can give the organism a survival advantage and increase its chances of reproductive success, ultimately aiding in evolutionary change and diversification.
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E. Multiple alleles. Multiple alleles refers to a gene that has more than two alleles which can result in a larger number of possible trait variations. This is different from traits that are controlled by dominant and recessive alleles, or exhibit incomplete dominance.
The movement of a living organism in a wet mount is due to its natural mobility and activity. The organism may move up and down, into and out of focus, as it changes its position within the water droplet on the slide. This shifting focus is a common occurrence when observing live specimens under a microscope.
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The movement of a living organism in a wet mount slide into and out of focus within the field of view is due to the organism shifting its position vertically in the water droplet. As it moves up and down, it comes into and goes out of focus at different depths of the water droplet. Adjusting the fine focus knob on the microscope helps bring the organism back into focus as it moves.
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