The reduced form of NAD+ is NADH.
NADP+
Chemical bonds are formed by sharing of atoms.
When two nonmetals combine, they typically form covalent compounds, where they share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. This sharing of electrons allows the nonmetals to achieve a full outer shell and create a stable molecule. Examples include water (H2O) and methane (CH4).
Methane need not combine with anything to create a molecule. It by itself is a molecule.
A molecule of water is formed.
NADP+
When two monosaccharides combine to form a disaccharide, a molecule of water is also produced. This process is known as a condensation reaction, where a hydroxyl group (OH) from one sugar molecule and a hydrogen atom (H) from the other sugar molecule come together to form a water molecule.
Chemical bonds are formed by sharing of atoms.
NDHP+
Molecules are formed when atoms lose electrons and then attach themselves to other atoms
Atoms share electrons when they form covalent bonds.
The electrons come from water. In the light dependent stage water is split into hydrogen ions (H+), electrons and oxygen. The electrons are passed on to chlorophyll, the H+ ions combine with NADP to form NADPH and the oxygen is released.
Atoms combine to form molecules and atoms are made of subatomic particles (protons, neutrons & electrons).
When two nonmetals combine, they typically form covalent compounds, where they share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. This sharing of electrons allows the nonmetals to achieve a full outer shell and create a stable molecule. Examples include water (H2O) and methane (CH4).
Methane need not combine with anything to create a molecule. It by itself is a molecule.
Electrons combine with protons from the hydrogen atom to produce an energy-carrying molecule called ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through a process known as oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. ATP is the primary energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various cellular processes.
A molecule of water is formed.