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Air is a mixture of gases, primarily composed of nitrogen (about 78%), oxygen (about 21%), and smaller amounts of other gases like argon and carbon dioxide. The size of air molecules varies, but individual gas molecules like nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂) have molecular diameters on the order of 0.1 nanometers (1 angstrom). The average molecular weight of air is approximately 29 grams per mole, reflecting the composition of these gases.

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