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When the gates to the ion channels open they allow sodium ions to rush into the axon at which location FIRST?
When the gates to the ion channels open, sodium ions first rush into the axon at the axon hillock, which is the initial segment of the axon where it connects to the cell body. This influx of sodium ions causes depolarization, triggering an action potential that propagates along the axon. The rapid change in membrane potential at this location is crucial for the initiation of the nerve impulse.
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What effect of the action potential if sodium channels are kept closed?
The action potential will not generate if the sodium channels are kept closed.This is because the sodium channels are responsible for the dramatic rising phase of membrane depolarization that occurs when the threshold of activation is reached. As a membrane potential gradually depolarizes (which can occur for a variety of reasons such as neurotransmitter stimulation, mechanical deformation of the membrane, etc), that membrane potential gradually comes closer to that threshold of activation. Once that threshold is reached, the voltage gated sodium channels open and allow for a dramatic influx of sodium ions into the cell. This results in a rapid depolarization which is seen as the rising phase of that upward spike noted in an action potential. Without the ability to open these sodium channels we may reach the threshold of activation, but the actual action potential will not occur.
Myocardial cells can generate action potentials spontaneously because they have?
Myocardial cells can generate action potentials spontaneously due to the presence of funny (If) channels that allow for a slow influx of sodium ions, as well as T-type calcium channels that contribute to the depolarization phase of the action potential. These channels, coupled with the unique organization of ion channels in the myocardial cell membrane, enable automaticity in these cells.
Passages that permit a cell membrane to be permeable as needed are called?
Passages that permit a cell membrane to be permeable as needed are called ion channels. These channels allow ions such as sodium, potassium, and calcium to flow in and out of the cell, regulating the cell's electrical and chemical properties.
Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials?
Sodium channels. A neuron's membrane potential may depolarize for many reasons (neurotransmitters, mechanical deflection, electrical synapse, etc). When that membrane depolarizes to the point of its threshold of activation, then voltage gated channels open up an allow an influx of sodium into the cell. This rapidly depolarizes the cell's membrane, causing that upward peak or rising phase to occur.
How are chemically gated channels activated?
Chemically-gated ion channels are receptor membrane proteins that are permeable to specific ions. The 'gating' part of it refers to the channel being open only once activated; which in this case will be by a chemical. An example would be the AMPA glutamate receptor, which has a channel pore that is permeable to sodium ions. Only by binding to glutamate (a neurotransmitter) does the channel allow sodium ions to enter the cell.
When the gates to the ion channels open they allow sodium ions to rush into the axon at the which location FIRST?
When the gates to the ion channels open, sodium ions rush into the axon first at the initial segment of the axon, known as the axon hillock. This is where the action potential is initiated and where the concentration of sodium channels is highest.
What is the difference between inactivated sodium channels and closed sodium channels?
Closed means just that...not open and unable to allow sodium ions to flow. Inactivated means that they do not respond to the stimulus. They could be open or closed, but do not receive the signal from the messenger. Also refractory.
How do sodium and potassium travel into and out of cells?
Sodium and potassium travel into and out of cells through specialized proteins called ion channels. These channels allow the ions to move across the cell membrane, maintaining the balance of these ions inside and outside the cell. Sodium ions typically enter the cell through sodium channels, while potassium ions exit the cell through potassium channels. This movement of ions is crucial for various cellular functions, including nerve signaling and muscle contraction.
What is an example of diffusion through ion channels?
An example of diffusion through ion channels is the movement of sodium ions (Na+) through sodium channels in neurons. These ion channels are selective for sodium ions and allow them to move down their concentration gradient across the cell membrane. This process is important for generating electrical signals in neurons.
Why Sodium and potassium ion can only cross in axon membrane through protein channel explain why?
At rest sodium in the outside and potassium on the inside as action potential propagate along the axon, depolirization happens and sodium channel opens and allow sodium ions to flood into the neurone. A wave of deporization spread along the neuron, the neuron membrane contain specialised protein called channels. the channel from pore.
What effect of the action potential if sodium channels are kept closed?
The action potential will not generate if the sodium channels are kept closed.This is because the sodium channels are responsible for the dramatic rising phase of membrane depolarization that occurs when the threshold of activation is reached. As a membrane potential gradually depolarizes (which can occur for a variety of reasons such as neurotransmitter stimulation, mechanical deformation of the membrane, etc), that membrane potential gradually comes closer to that threshold of activation. Once that threshold is reached, the voltage gated sodium channels open and allow for a dramatic influx of sodium ions into the cell. This results in a rapid depolarization which is seen as the rising phase of that upward spike noted in an action potential. Without the ability to open these sodium channels we may reach the threshold of activation, but the actual action potential will not occur.
Binding of the Acetylcholine to receptors causes a by opening what channels that permit both potassium and sodium to permeate the membrane?
Binding of acetylcholine to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors opens ion channels that allow both sodium and potassium ions to permeate the membrane. This causes depolarization of the membrane potential, leading to an excitatory response in the cell.
Where are the leak channels located on a neuron and how do they contribute to the resting membrane potential?
Leak channels are located on the cell membrane of a neuron. These channels allow ions, such as potassium and sodium, to passively move in and out of the cell. This movement of ions helps to establish and maintain the resting membrane potential of the neuron, which is essential for its normal functioning.
Myocardial cells can generate action potentials spontaneously because they have?
Myocardial cells can generate action potentials spontaneously due to the presence of funny (If) channels that allow for a slow influx of sodium ions, as well as T-type calcium channels that contribute to the depolarization phase of the action potential. These channels, coupled with the unique organization of ion channels in the myocardial cell membrane, enable automaticity in these cells.
Which process could the cell use to take in more sodium?
The cell could increase the activity of sodium-potassium pumps on the cell membrane to actively transport more sodium into the cell against its concentration gradient. Alternatively, the cell could increase the expression of sodium channels on the cell membrane to allow passive diffusion of sodium into the cell down its electrochemical gradient.
Passages that permit a cell membrane to be permeable as needed are called?
Passages that permit a cell membrane to be permeable as needed are called ion channels. These channels allow ions such as sodium, potassium, and calcium to flow in and out of the cell, regulating the cell's electrical and chemical properties.
Why does nacl and urea and glucose diffuse?
nacl diffuse in plasma membrane because there are protein channels that allows certain ions to diffuse around the membrane, like sodium and chloride ions, please note that these channel proteins are selectively permeable meaning sodium channels only allow sodium to enter the cell and so on... urea diffuses into the pm the same way through facilitated diffusion of certain protein channels glucose diffuse into the pm as a part of secondary active transport, which means it uses ATP indirectly. it diffuses in the process called symport
