nacl diffuse in plasma membrane because there are protein channels that allows certain ions to diffuse around the membrane, like sodium and chloride ions, please note that these channel proteins are selectively permeable meaning sodium channels only allow sodium to enter the cell and so on...
urea diffuses into the pm the same way through facilitated diffusion of certain protein channels
glucose diffuse into the pm as a part of secondary active transport, which means it uses ATP indirectly. it diffuses in the process called symport
No, not really. Diffusion works when molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. They move independently of one another. So even if you have a high level of NaCl, the glucose concentration will diffuse in the same manner.
During dialysis, urea, creatinine, excess electrolytes (such as potassium or sodium), and excess fluid are some of the solutes that typically diffuse from the patient's blood into the dialysis solution.
urea
These substances have different molecular sizes and charges, which can affect their ability to penetrate the cell membrane. For example, glucose and urea are small molecules and can easily pass through the membrane, causing osmosis to occur. In contrast, NaCl, ammonium chloride, and larger molecules may not pass through as easily and lead to different osmotic effects on RBCs.
nephrons
Urea has a molecular weight lower than 20 MWCO, so it should be able to diffuse through a 20 MWCO membrane. If urea is not able to diffuse through a 20 MWCO membrane, it may be due to factors like the membrane being damaged or having a different pore size than expected, or the presence of additional physical or chemical barriers that prevent urea diffusion.
NaCl will not harm RNA. In fact, it is sometimes used as an elution buffer for RNA-Urea gels.
Glucose
No it does not
no it does not
i = isotonic molar [glucose] / isotonic molar [NaCl] i = 14 M / 7 M = 2 i = isotonic molar [glucose] / isotonic molar [NaCl] i = 14 M / 7 M = 2 i = isotonic molar [glucose] / isotonic molar [NaCl] i = 14 M / 7 M = 2 i = isotonic molar [glucose] / isotonic molar [NaCl] i = 14 M / 7 M = 2
From smallest to largest: NaCl, Water, Glucose, Sucrose, Starch. They are ordered based on their molecular weight and size.