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Urea has a molecular weight lower than 20 MWCO, so it should be able to diffuse through a 20 MWCO membrane. If urea is not able to diffuse through a 20 MWCO membrane, it may be due to factors like the membrane being damaged or having a different pore size than expected, or the presence of additional physical or chemical barriers that prevent urea diffusion.
What else can I help you with?
Why do you think the urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane?
The 20 MWCO membrane has a molecular weight cutoff that is lower than the molecular weight of urea, preventing urea from passing through the pores of the membrane. This size exclusion property of the membrane hinders the diffusion of urea molecules across it.
Why urea can't cross membranes?
Passive diffusion - Urea has its own concentration gradient so it will go from an area of high concentration through the cell membrane into an area of lower concentration.
Why urea passes from blood into dialyzing solution?
It works much like your real kidneys. Your kidneys work essentially with a "Salt imbalance". One half of a kidney has a higher saline content than the other half; when blood passes through, urea is "pulled" into the saltier side.
What liquids carry the urea that is excreted?
Urea is predominantly carried in urine, which is produced by the kidneys and excreted through the urinary system. In the bloodstream, urea is carried in the form of urea nitrogen and is filtered by the kidneys to be excreted in urine.
Why concentration of urea increased in PCT?
Urea is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) of the nephron through both paracellular and transcellular pathways. The high water permeability and abundant transporters in the PCT facilitate the reabsorption of urea. If there is an increase in urea concentration in the filtrate, more urea will be reabsorbed passively and actively in the PCT to maintain urea balance in the body.
Why do you think the urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane?
The 20 MWCO membrane has a molecular weight cutoff that is lower than the molecular weight of urea, preventing urea from passing through the pores of the membrane. This size exclusion property of the membrane hinders the diffusion of urea molecules across it.
Why did Nacl pass through the 50 MWCO and not urea?
Because Na has MW of ~23 and Cl has MW of ~35...both of which are small enough to pass through a molecular weight cut off (MWCO) of 50 (don't add there molecular weights together). urea has ~ MW of 60 so it's too big to cross membrane.
What was the average diffusion rate of urea when the 200 MWCO membrane was used as a barrier?
The average diffusion rate of urea through a 200 MWCO (Molecular Weight Cut-Off) membrane would depend on various factors such as concentration gradient, temperature, and membrane properties. Typically, higher MWCO membranes allow for faster diffusion rates of smaller molecules like urea due to their larger pore sizes. Specific experimental data would be needed to calculate the exact diffusion rate in this scenario.
Which solutes diffuse from patient's blood during dialysis?
urea
What are tubes inside the kidneys where urea and water diffuse from the blood?
nephrons
What solutes typically diffuse from the patients blood during dialysis?
During dialysis, urea, creatinine, excess electrolytes (such as potassium or sodium), and excess fluid are some of the solutes that typically diffuse from the patient's blood into the dialysis solution.
Why does nacl and urea and glucose diffuse?
nacl diffuse in plasma membrane because there are protein channels that allows certain ions to diffuse around the membrane, like sodium and chloride ions, please note that these channel proteins are selectively permeable meaning sodium channels only allow sodium to enter the cell and so on... urea diffuses into the pm the same way through facilitated diffusion of certain protein channels glucose diffuse into the pm as a part of secondary active transport, which means it uses ATP indirectly. it diffuses in the process called symport
Why urea can't cross membranes?
Passive diffusion - Urea has its own concentration gradient so it will go from an area of high concentration through the cell membrane into an area of lower concentration.
What do they mean by MWCO in dialysis tubing?
First of all, the filtration in dialysis doesn't happen in the tubing. Rather it happens in an artificial kidney called the dialyzer. It's essentially a dense bundle of thousands of fibers which make up the filter itself. The fibers allow the blood to pass through the dialyzer and the potassium and bicarbonate solution used to mix with the blood crosses over the fibers, cleaning the blood via filtration. MWCO (molecular weight cut off) in dialysis simply means the amount of molecules that are allowed to pass through the membranes. Proteins are too big to pass by design as we don't want to "wash away" the good stuff. Wastes like urea, nitrogen etc are allowed to pass through and out of the blood before the blood returns to the patient. Generally, the bigger the patient, the more filtration is required, so the higher the MWCO is. Hope this helps!
Where is urea removed from after it has passed through the blood?
The Kidneys, where the blood/urea thing takes place.
Why urea passes from blood into dialyzing solution?
It works much like your real kidneys. Your kidneys work essentially with a "Salt imbalance". One half of a kidney has a higher saline content than the other half; when blood passes through, urea is "pulled" into the saltier side.
Excess nitrogen is converted in what by the liver?
Excess nitrogen is converted into urea by the liver through a process called the urea cycle. Urea is then excreted in urine by the kidneys to maintain nitrogen balance in the body.
