one form of a character
Mendel hypothesized that first-generation plants, when crossed, would display a dominant trait in their offspring. He observed that when he crossed purebred plants with contrasting traits, such as tall and short pea plants, the resulting first-generation (F1) plants exhibited only the dominant trait. This led him to propose the concept of dominance in inheritance, suggesting that some traits mask the expression of others in the presence of a dominant allele.
visual inspection of phenotypic traits.
All the offspring were tall plants. This is because the tall trait is dominant over the short trait in Mendel's experiments on pea plants.
When a hybrid tall plant (Tt) is crossed with a dwarf plant (tt), the offspring can be predicted using a Punnett square. The possible genotypes for the offspring would be Tt (tall) and tt (dwarf). This results in a 1:1 ratio, meaning that approximately 50% of the offspring are expected to be tall plants (Tt) and 50% will be dwarf plants (tt).
In Mendel's experiments, recessive traits were hidden in the F1 generation. When he crossed pure-breeding plants with contrasting traits, all offspring in the F1 generation exhibited the dominant trait. It was only in the F2 generation, produced by self-pollinating the F1 plants, that the recessive traits reappeared in a 3:1 ratio alongside the dominant traits.
F1
first-generation plants
If two true-breeding pea plants are crossed their offspring will show the dominant trait. The flowers will be purple or light purple.
visual inspection of phenotypic traits.
The offspring of two true-breeding plants is also true-breeding, meaning they will consistently display the same traits as the parents. This is because true-breeding plants are homozygous for a particular trait, so when they are crossed, their offspring will also be homozygous for that trait.
3:1 ratio Two pea plants, both heterozygous for flower color, are crossed. The offspring will show the dominant purple coloration in a 3:1 ratio
All the offspring were tall plants. This is because the tall trait is dominant over the short trait in Mendel's experiments on pea plants.
because it helped Mendel discover which plants would be crossed to produce offspring.
Purebred tall plants can be crossed with purebred short plants to produce hybrid offspring with intermediate heights. This type of cross is an example of an incomplete dominance inheritance pattern where the traits from both parent plants are partially expressed in the offspring.
they are fine; expected ratios might not been seen simply due to chance
Homozygous for tall is TT Homozygous for short is tt All F1 offspring from this cross are Tt which makes them genotypically heterozygous and phenotypically tall.
I think not as tall is the dominant allele here.T = tallt = shortTT X ttall would beTt======and tall.