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Antibiotics typically target features unique to microbial cells, such as bacterial cell walls, ribosomes, or metabolic pathways that are not present in human cells. For example, many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes that differ from those in human cells. Additionally, the structural differences in cell membranes and the presence of specific enzymes allow antibiotics to selectively disrupt microbial functions without harming host cells. This selective targeting minimizes damage to the host while effectively combating bacterial infections.
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Explain why antibiotics are effective at killing bacterial cells but do not seem to have an impact on human cells eukaryotic cells Use at least two examples such as tetracycline erythromycin?
Antibiotics target specific structures or processes unique to bacterial cells that are not present in human eukaryotic cells. For example, tetracycline interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosomes, while erythromycin inhibits the bacterial ribosome's ability to make proteins. Since human cells do not have the same type of ribosomes or protein synthesis mechanisms, antibiotics like tetracycline and erythromycin do not affect human cells the same way they do bacterial cells.
Can cells live and reproduce in the presence of antibiotic?
Cells that are resistant to antibiotics can survive and reproduce in the presence of antibiotics. However, non-resistant cells are typically unable to survive and reproduce in the presence of antibiotics. This is why antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in the medical field.
How do antibiotics work on gram - negative bacteria?
Gram negative bacterial cells have an outer membrane that interferes with antibiotics and drug entry into the cell. The bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics are E. coli, salmonella, shigella, and Yersina. The first three affect the GI tract and the second causes the Black Death. These are resistant to penicillin. So ampicillin and streptomycin are used.
Is Damage to nucleic acids part of antimicrobial agents affect cellular structures?
It is one of the routes. Bacterial cells are primitive cells (prokaryotic) that differ significantly from humans' (eukaryotic) cells. Antibiotics aim at structures or processes that differ from our own. Some antibiotics react directly with microbial DNA (i.e. metronidazole disrupts DNA's helical structure, thereby inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis and leading to bacterial cell death), some antibiotics act indirectly (quinolones bind to DNA gyrases, proteins that are required for the processing of DNA and RNA), and others aim at different parts of microbe body (bacterial cell wall - penicillins, cephalosporins, cell membrane - polymixins) or at different processes (bacterial protein synthesis - aminoglycosides, macrolides, and tetracyclines).
What compound kills bacteria without harming the cells of humans?
Antibiotics such as penicillin and tetracycline are effective in killing bacteria by targeting specific bacterial cell components that are absent in human cells, thus reducing the risk of harm to human cells. However, misuse or overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria, diminishing their efficacy over time.
Why don't antibiotics kill your cells when you take them?
Usually, antibiotics don't kill your cells if the biotic isn't strong enough.
Do antibiotics work on eukaryotic cells, and if so, how do they affect them differently than prokaryotic cells?
Antibiotics do not work on eukaryotic cells because they target specific structures or processes unique to prokaryotic cells, such as cell wall synthesis or protein synthesis. Eukaryotic cells have different structures and processes, so antibiotics do not affect them in the same way.
What is microbial control?
Microbial control refers to the methods used to reduce or eliminate microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi from an environment. This can be achieved through physical methods (such as heat or UV radiation) or chemical methods (such as disinfectants or antibiotics) to prevent the spread of infectious diseases or maintain a sterile environment.
What are the cells that make antibiotics?
Antibiotics are chemically synthesized compounds. They are not made by cells
What do antibiotics do to living cells?
Antibiotics are designed to kill cells, some are targeted on certain types of cells, some aren't.
Are viral paricles smaller than microbial cells?
Yes.
How nuclear power and microbial fuel cells work?
photosynthesis
What is the difference between Benthic Microbial Fuel Cell Microbial Fuel Cells Is there a difference?
Benthic Microbial Fuel Cells are basically a microbial fuel cell. Instead of the anode being placed deep into sediment [MFC]- the anode is placed in a chamber where monitored amounts of neutrients/fresh water can enter and be controlled [BFMC]
Do antibiotics target prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?
Many of the antibiotics are produced in prokaryotes by cloning procedures then it is screened and purified.Antibiotics circulate in our bloodstream and it will act only in where the problem is.Most of the antibiotics target bacterial translation.
What problems are there with microbial fuel cells?
Some challenges with microbial fuel cells include low power output, slow reaction rates, and high production costs. Additionally, maintaining a stable microbial community within the fuel cell can be difficult, leading to fluctuations in performance and efficiency.
Do plant cells produce antibiotics?
YES!
Why doesn't antibiotics effect virus?
Antibiotics kill infectious cells, but viruses are non-living.
