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Protons accumulate outside the membrane, so that a concentration-gradiënt is established. Because of this the protons want to flow inside, and this "current of protons" is enhanced by a membrane enzyme, called ATP-synthase to produce ATP.
So, basically a potential is created, which can power the production of ATP.
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Which accumulates in the inter membrane space of the mitochondrion during electron transport?
During electron transport in the mitochondrion, protons (H+) accumulate in the intermembrane space. This happens as electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient of protons is later utilized by ATP synthase to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Could a plant cell produce ATP through chemiosmosis if the thylakoid membrane was leaky with regards to protons?
No, a leaky thylakoid membrane would disrupt the formation of a proton gradient necessary for ATP production through chemiosmosis during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Protons need to be pumped across the membrane to create a gradient, and the leak would prevent this build-up.
What membrane do protons cross in the synthesis of ATP?
Protons cross the inner mitochondrial membrane during ATP synthesis in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. This movement of protons creates a gradient that is used to drive the production of ATP by ATP synthase.
What is chemiosmosis and how does it work?
Cells often use an electron transport chain to separate electrons from hydrogen protons. The hydrogen protons are then used during chemiosmosis. A hydrogen ion gradient is formed and the hydrogen ions flow through the ATP synthetase molecule to the other side of the membrane. Hydrogen ions accumulate outside the inner mitochondrial membrane during cell respiration and in the inner membrane space of the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts during photosynthesis. Bacteria use the outside plasma membrane as the surface to build up the hydrogen ion gradient. Therefore the energy from food is transferred to hydrogen ions, and the hydrogen ions transfer the energy to ATP via the ATP synthetase enzyme. In this discussion you should include a discussion of the solar powered purple proton pump and the information found in Figures 6-10, 6-11, 6-12, 6-A, and 8-12 (p. 169). Chemiosmosis is critical in ATP production in eukaryote cells as well as most prokaryote cells.
Is hydrogen concentration higer outside the thylakoid membrane than inside?
Yes, the hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration is higher outside the thylakoid membrane than inside during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. As electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, protons are pumped from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is then utilized by ATP synthase to produce ATP as protons flow back into the stroma.
Why is the membrane impermeable to protons?
The membrane is impermeable to protons because it contains specific proteins called proton pumps that actively transport protons across the membrane. This selective transport mechanism helps maintain the balance of protons inside and outside the cell, which is crucial for various cellular processes.
Is the membrane permeable to protons?
Yes, the membrane is permeable to protons.
Is the mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons?
Yes, the mitochondrial membrane is permeable to protons.
Where in the mitochondrion do protons accumulate?
In the outer lumen and they are stripped from the derivatives of glucose along with electrons used in electron transport. Protons are moved across the inner membrane of the mitochondria by the action of electrons moving down the electron chain where the final acceptor is oxygen. The protons build up a concentration and move back down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase and produce said ATP.
Which accumulates in the inter membrane space of the mitochondrion during electron transport?
During electron transport in the mitochondrion, protons (H+) accumulate in the intermembrane space. This happens as electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient of protons is later utilized by ATP synthase to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What accumulates inside of the thylakoid compartment?
Protons accumulate inside the thylakoid compartment during photosynthesis. This gradient is essential for the production of ATP through ATP synthase.
Could a plant cell produce ATP through chemiosmosis if the thylakoid membrane was leaky with regards to protons?
No, a leaky thylakoid membrane would disrupt the formation of a proton gradient necessary for ATP production through chemiosmosis during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Protons need to be pumped across the membrane to create a gradient, and the leak would prevent this build-up.
What membrane do protons cross in the synthesis of ATP?
Protons cross the inner mitochondrial membrane during ATP synthesis in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. This movement of protons creates a gradient that is used to drive the production of ATP by ATP synthase.
Are protons found inside or outside the nucleus?
outside
What is outside of the neucleus?
protons
What is chemiosmosis and how does it work?
Cells often use an electron transport chain to separate electrons from hydrogen protons. The hydrogen protons are then used during chemiosmosis. A hydrogen ion gradient is formed and the hydrogen ions flow through the ATP synthetase molecule to the other side of the membrane. Hydrogen ions accumulate outside the inner mitochondrial membrane during cell respiration and in the inner membrane space of the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts during photosynthesis. Bacteria use the outside plasma membrane as the surface to build up the hydrogen ion gradient. Therefore the energy from food is transferred to hydrogen ions, and the hydrogen ions transfer the energy to ATP via the ATP synthetase enzyme. In this discussion you should include a discussion of the solar powered purple proton pump and the information found in Figures 6-10, 6-11, 6-12, 6-A, and 8-12 (p. 169). Chemiosmosis is critical in ATP production in eukaryote cells as well as most prokaryote cells.
Is hydrogen concentration higer outside the thylakoid membrane than inside?
Yes, the hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration is higher outside the thylakoid membrane than inside during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. As electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, protons are pumped from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is then utilized by ATP synthase to produce ATP as protons flow back into the stroma.
