Why do you use molten NaCl in electrolysis instead of an aqueous solution of NaCl?

Answer 1

Molten NaCl is preferred over an aqueous solution of NaCl in electrolysis because in the molten state, NaCl dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions without the presence of water molecules, allowing for direct electron transfer at the electrodes. In an aqueous solution, water molecules also undergo electrolysis, leading to the production of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, which can interfere with the desired reactions involving Na+ and Cl- ions. Additionally, the high melting point of NaCl ensures that it remains in the molten state during the electrolysis process, providing a stable environment for the reactions to occur.

Answer 2

Using molten NaCl avoids the presence of water, which can be oxidized at the anode to form oxygen gas, affecting the electrolysis process. In a molten state, NaCl dissociates into molten Na+ and Cl- ions, allowing for the direct movement of ions to the electrodes for the electrolysis to occur effectively.

Answer 3

Molten salt electrolysis is used to obtain sodium and chlorine.

Electrolysis of the water solution is used to obtain sodium hydroxide and hydrogen.