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Will the protein coded by the mutated strand of DNA function differently from the original strand?
It depends on the particular mutation. Some are "silent" which means the substitution of a base actually codes for the same amino acid as the previous. In this case, the sequence and function of the polypeptide is exactly the same.
If the mutation is a nonsense or missense mutation however, then the structure and function of the protein is indeed affected. A nonsense mutation results in a codon becoming a "stop" codon, thereby terminating the polypeptide prematurely. Such proteins are nonfunctional. Missense mutations result in the change in sequence of amino acids; one amino acid takes the place of another due to the changed codon. These proteins can also be non-functional, but sometimes they can function, albeit less efficiently.
What else can I help you with?
What is muteins?
protein that is a product of expression of a gene that was mutated.
How can mutation in gene lead to a new trait in an organism?
The mutated gene codes for a protein that cause a new trait
How do you know if a mutation changes the final protein?
You can determine if a mutation changes the final protein by analyzing the DNA sequence to see if the mutation alters the amino acid sequence of the protein it encodes. This can be done through bioinformatics tools or laboratory experiments such as protein expression or functional assays. Additionally, comparing the mutated protein's structure and function to the wild-type protein can also help assess the impact of the mutation.
How does the sequence of DNA affect the function of a protein?
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA molecule is equivalent and is closely related to an amino acid sequence in the protein molecule. If for any reason the sequence of DNA nucleotides changes it will be reflected in amino acid sequence in the protein. Moreover, the correct sequence of amino acid in the protein will form the correct three-dimensional structure, or tertiary structure, that will confer the biological activity to protein. If a wrong amino acid is translated from a mutated gene in the DNA could change the spatial structure of the protein and therefore modify or erase its biological function.
What is the Folding of proteins?
Protein folding determines the shape of the protein, and thus what it does, because it is the shape of the protein which enables it to perform its function. For example, enzymes need to have exactly the right shape to fit with the molecules they are working with to catalyze them. Also, hemoglobin is specifically folded with four pocket like areas to allow oxygen to attach to it. The shape of the protein is specific to the function that it is performing, and is different for each protein. If there is even a slight change in the make up of the protein, or a mutation (the amino acids are messed up) then the protein will fold differently. Even a slight change in the composition of the protein can disable the protein from properly performing the function which it is meant to do.
What is muteins?
protein that is a product of expression of a gene that was mutated.
What would happen if the stop codon was mutated to encode for another amino acid, disrupting the normal termination of protein synthesis?
If the stop codon is mutated to encode for another amino acid, it would result in the incorporation of that amino acid into the protein being synthesized, leading to a longer and potentially non-functional protein. This disruption of the normal termination of protein synthesis could affect the structure and function of the protein, potentially causing cellular dysfunction or disease.
What is the similarities in the cause of a mutated protein and a bad tasting brownie?
Both a mutated protein and a bad-tasting brownie can be attributed to alterations in their fundamental components. A mutated protein results from changes in the DNA sequence that lead to incorrect amino acid sequences, affecting its structure and function. Similarly, a bad-tasting brownie may arise from improper ingredient ratios or cooking conditions, leading to undesirable chemical reactions. In both cases, deviations from the expected process or composition lead to negative outcomes.
How can mutation in gene lead to a new trait in an organism?
The mutated gene codes for a protein that cause a new trait
How do you know if a mutation changes the final protein?
You can determine if a mutation changes the final protein by analyzing the DNA sequence to see if the mutation alters the amino acid sequence of the protein it encodes. This can be done through bioinformatics tools or laboratory experiments such as protein expression or functional assays. Additionally, comparing the mutated protein's structure and function to the wild-type protein can also help assess the impact of the mutation.
What is the new mRNA stand produced by this mutated gene?
The specific sequence of the new mRNA strand produced by a mutated gene will depend on the nature of the mutation. Mutations can cause changes in the coding region of the gene, leading to alterations in the mRNA sequence and potentially affecting the resulting protein or gene function. Further analysis and sequencing of the mutated gene would be required to determine the exact mRNA sequence.
Why can missenes mutations not have an effect on protein function?
Say the part of the gene that is mutated does not change the amino acid sequence of the protein made through the mRNA; hydrophobic amino acid stays hydrophobic. We have many of these small nucleotide polymorphisms in our genomes and they are useful trackers of human migrations, for instance.
What does recessive tell us about gene's expression?
Recessive doesn't really describe the expression of a gene. When a gene is "expressed" a protein is made. Recessive describes what form of the gene is expressed or in other words, which allele. A recessive protein may look different and function differently than a dominant protein. This is oversimplified though because there are many different interactions and mechanisms that determine protein function.
How does the sequence of DNA affect the function of a protein?
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA molecule is equivalent and is closely related to an amino acid sequence in the protein molecule. If for any reason the sequence of DNA nucleotides changes it will be reflected in amino acid sequence in the protein. Moreover, the correct sequence of amino acid in the protein will form the correct three-dimensional structure, or tertiary structure, that will confer the biological activity to protein. If a wrong amino acid is translated from a mutated gene in the DNA could change the spatial structure of the protein and therefore modify or erase its biological function.
What is the Folding of proteins?
Protein folding determines the shape of the protein, and thus what it does, because it is the shape of the protein which enables it to perform its function. For example, enzymes need to have exactly the right shape to fit with the molecules they are working with to catalyze them. Also, hemoglobin is specifically folded with four pocket like areas to allow oxygen to attach to it. The shape of the protein is specific to the function that it is performing, and is different for each protein. If there is even a slight change in the make up of the protein, or a mutation (the amino acids are messed up) then the protein will fold differently. Even a slight change in the composition of the protein can disable the protein from properly performing the function which it is meant to do.
Is caused by a mutated allele that produces a defective form of the protein hemoglobin.?
False, Sickle Cell Disease :))
What happens to the shape and function of a protein if one of the amino acids is replaced with a different type of amino acid?
It depends on the role of the amino acid that is altered. One amino acid might be replaced with no measurable effect on the protein's function; replacing another might cause a total loss of function.
