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In what way does the photoelectric effect support the particle theory of light?
The photoelectric effect occurs when light photons hit a material's surface, ejecting electrons. This demonstrates that light can transfer discrete packets of energy (photons), supporting the particle theory of light proposed by Einstein.
What happens when an electron in a higher electron cloud drops to a lower energy cloud?
It gains energy in a quantized amount
What happens when electrons change levels?
Energy is either absorbed or released. If the electron goes from a high energy orbital to a lower energy one, a photon is emitted. When a photon is absorbed, the electron goes from low energy to high.
What happens when an atom loses energy?
When an electron gains energy it is considered to be in an excited state. At that point the electron jumps out to a level that is further from the nucleus of the atom. the further out the electron the more higher energy the electron has. Once it jumps out a level it then LOSES the extra energy and falls back to its original level, and in doing so emits a photon of light. Depending on the frequency of this light the atom emits a certain color matching that frequency.
What are 3 things that are infinitesimal?
The Planck length, which is the smallest known length in the universe. The mass of a neutrino, which is incredibly small compared to other subatomic particles. The time it takes for a photon of light to pass through an atom, which is on the order of attoseconds.
What must happen to the electron in order for an atom to emit light?
The atom must be subjected to a form of energy which propels the electron(s) to a higher energy level. When the electrons return to their resting state they emit one photon of light at a certain wavelength that our eyes interpret as a color.
Is light emitted when an electron makes a transition to a lower energy level?
No, as energy is absorbed. When the reverse happens, the higher state to lower state, the electron is returning to its lower energy level ground state and energy is released in the form of a photon.
What state does an electron move to its ground state from in a gaseous atom in order for a photon to be emitted?
In a transition to ground state, a photon is radiated away. It carries off the energy to make a transition to ground state possible. As soon as it is created, the photon is off to the races. It travels away at the speed of light (for the medium in which it is moving).
In what way does the photoelectric effect support the particle theory of light?
The photoelectric effect occurs when light photons hit a material's surface, ejecting electrons. This demonstrates that light can transfer discrete packets of energy (photons), supporting the particle theory of light proposed by Einstein.
What happens when an electron in a higher electron cloud drops to a lower energy cloud?
It gains energy in a quantized amount
When does lighting occur?
Light is actually photon particles that stem from many different physical processes. For example the sun emits light through radiation stemming from its hot surface. This light is being emitted in order to "cool" the sun. Other forms of light stem purely from electron de-excitation, in which a characteristic light particle is emitted from an atom as an electron in an outer electron state (higher energy) returns to a inner electron state (lower energy).
Can two photons interact with an electron simultaneously?
Yes, two photons can interact with an electron simultaneously. This can occur through a process called two-photon absorption, where the combined energy of the two photons is absorbed by the electron to promote it to a higher energy state.
What must an electron do to move from ground state to an excited state?
To move an electron from the ground state to an excited state, it requires an input of energy. It should be equal to the energy difference between the two levels. This energy comes from collision with other molecules and atoms.
Why is energy released when electrons are repositioned closer to a nucleus?
The electron loses energy in order to go from an "excited" shell back to its "original" shell. This releases energy in the form of a photon - an xray.
What happens when an electron moves from a lower energy level to a higher energy level?
When an electron moves from a higher to a lower energy level, it releases a quantum of energy, which is what it had to absorb in order to make the jump in the first place. This quantum of energy is often released in the form of a photon, which is a discrete amount of light of a certain wavelength. Billions and billions of photons can be visible to the eye, and this is how things like glow sticks and neon lights work.
How to Put these photons in order of increasing energy?
To arrange photons in order of increasing energy, you can use the equation E = hf, where E is the energy of the photon, h is Planck's constant, and f is the frequency of the photon. Photons with higher frequency will have higher energy. So, simply compare the frequencies of the photons to determine their energy order.
When An electron jumps from energy level 1 to level 2 by absorbing 8 eV what is it when it goes back to energy level 1?
There are no handling or re-stocking charges, and the loan is interest-free. The energy it needed in order to climb from level-1 to level-2 is exactly the same energy it returns to the bank when it goes back to level-1 As it falls back to energy-level-1, it spits out a photon with energy of 8 eV, whereupon everything is back to normal, and energy is conserved.
