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No. Binding energy differs from element to element,
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∙ 6y ago
Wiki User
∙ 6y agoNo, the binding energy is different.
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What is an energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom?
To be technically accurate, all four forms of energy, the strong interaction, electromagnetism, the weak interaction, and gravity, are represented in the nuclei of atoms. However, and what this question is probably looking for, is that the strong interaction is, by far, the most powerful of the four. Interestingly, though, electromagnetism rears its effects in nuclei that are greater than atomic number 82 (lead) due to the non-equal distance roll-off curve of the strong interaction versus electromagnetism. This leads to instability2, or what we simply call radioactivity, for the higher numbered nuclides. The strong interaction is also called binding energy, or the nuclear force. When nuclear fission (of heavy nuclides) or fusion (of light nuclides) occurs, there is a reduction in the requirement for binding energy. This delta binding energy is accompanied with a loss of mass1 and this change in binding energy is released to the system as excess energy, heat, radiation, etc. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1Again, being technically correct, there is no loss of mass. Mass can neither be created nor destroyed, and the same goes for energy. They can only be moved from one frame of reference to the other. Einstein's mass-energy equivalance equation e = mc2 says it all - mass is energy and energy is mass - so a fission or fusion reaction that results in a "loss of mass/energy" is actually a reaction where the mass is "carried away" in the energy, because they are effectively the same thing. 2In addition to the "competition" between binding energy and electromagnetism, there is the weak interaction, which leads to instability, again radioactivity, with nuclei that do not have the "ideal" ratio of protons and neutrons. The is the primary cause of beta decay, such as for carbon-14.
This is also known as atomic energy?
The source of atomic energy is the "binding energy" that exists in the nucleus of all atoms. This is the energy that is contained in the union of the protons and neutrons of the nucleus. When the nucleus is split apart, the binding energy is released.
Does nuclear energy take place at high temperatures?
Your question expresses a significant bit of conceptual confusion. Perhaps I can clear up some of this confusion and at the same time answer your question.What we call temperature is simply the manifestation of kinetic energy at the level of the atom (i.e. slow moving atoms = low temperature, fast moving atoms = high temperature). What we call nuclear energy is simply an excess in the nuclear binding energy, which is the energy binding the protons and neutrons together inside the nucleus and is a manifestation of the strong nuclear force and to a lesser extent the weak nuclear force. This movement of atoms has no affect at all on whether there is or is not excess nuclear energy inside atomic nuclei or if that excess nuclear energy is being released or even can be released. Those nuclei having the least nuclear binding energy are the nuclei of the elements from iron through lead, both the elements lighter than iron and the elements heavier than lead have more nuclear binding energy (which can be considered to be excess nuclear binding energy that could potentially be released).There are three processes that can release excess nuclear energy: radioactive decay, nuclear fission, and nuclear fusion. All of these processes transform nuclear energy to kinetic energy at the level of the atom (i.e. temperature aka heat), and thereby convert a small amount of the mass of the atom into energy. Of these three both radioactive decay and nuclear fission can take place at any temperature, even those so cold as to approach absolute zero. Neither radioactive decay nor nuclear fission takes place any faster or slower with a change in temperature. Nuclear fusion though can only take place at very high temperatures (and pressures) as the nuclei must be very close together and moving fast enough to be able to collide and fuse, despite the strong electrostatic repulsion due to both nuclei involved being positively charged. But this is a threshold temperature, even at high temperatures just below the threshold no nuclear fusion can take place at all and once above the threshold and nuclear fusion begins, raising the temperature further has very little affect on the rate at which that nuclear fusion takes place.Nuclear reactors operate using the process of nuclear fission and generate heat by both nuclear fission and radioactive decay. We are not yet able to extract nuclear energy in a controlled manner using the process of nuclear fusion (only explosive release of nuclear energy has ever been successfully done using the process of nuclear fusion).
How do you calculate binding energy?
THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY STORED IN THE STRONG NUCLEAR FROCES OF THE NUCLEUS
In the nucleus of what element does the nucleon have the least mass?
It is in the atoms of iron that the nucleons have the least mass. Nucleons in iron have the highest binding energy per nucleon of any element. Want to know what the relationship is? Good. Let's review.The nucleons of an atom are the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of that atom. Neutrons have a mass of about 1.67 x 10-27 kg, and protons are slightly lighter than neutrons. But when protons and neutrons are fused together to form atomic nuclei (like in fusion reactions in stars), some of the mass of each nucleon is converted into binding energy or nuclear glue. It might be preferable to say that residual strong force is what holds atomic nuclei together. In any case, the "drop in mass" associated with the conversion of that mass to binding energy is called mass deficit. There are a number of complexities involved in nuclear formation, and when we look at different elements, there are different binding energies set up (during fusion) to keep the different nuclei together. Let's look in on that just a bit by taking a couple of examples.In helium (He-4), two protons and two neutrons are bound together in the nucleus. Each of the nucleons has "donated" some mass, which mediation by the strong interaction changed into nuclear glue. Each nucleon could be said to have donated mHe to allow the nucleus to stay together. In oxygen (O-16) however, each nucleon donated mO to the process creating binding energy for the oxygen nucleus. The nucleons in oxygen donated more of their mass, and these nucleons end up with less mass per nucleon than the nucleons in helium. See how that works? But there's a catch. There always is, isn't there?When we look at the amount of mass deficit a nucleon undergoes in different elements as we move up the periodic table, we see that an increasing amount of the mass of nucleons is converted into binding energy, as you might have guessed. But that all stops at iron. Iron nuclei are the most tightly bound nuclei of all the elements. As we move on up the periodic table from there, we see a decreasing amount of mass deficit in each nucleon of atomic nuclei. And that's the way it is. Completely explaining why this occurs would fill a semester of college physics. Use the link below to see the graph of binding energy per nucleon across the elements. (Note that iron sits at the peak.)
Are all nuclei the same size diameter?
are all nuclei the same size( diameter
Is matter really convertible into energy and if so then how?
The usual example of the conversion of matter to energy is a nuclear explosion, or the nuclear fusion that takes place in the sun and is the source of the sun's energy. When hydrogen nuclei fuse into helium nuclei, there is a certain amount of mass that is lost; the weight of the helium nuclei is less than that of the hydrogen nuclei (or protons) which produced them. This extra weight is not stored in the form of particles, but in the form of (invisible) binding energy. It exists because there is no binding energy in a hydrogen nucleus, which consists of only one particle, whereas the helium nucleus with two protons and two neutrons has binding energy between all four of those particles (as a result of the strong nuclear force). This can be compared to the energy which results from a falling object. Height is a form of stored gravitational energy, and falling releases that energy. Similarly, when nucleons bind together, that releases potential energy. The quantity of energy is large enough to be easily measured in terms of mass. In reality, all energy is equivalent to some quantity of mass, so an object held high above the ground, which has gravitational potential energy, weighs slightly more than the same object after it falls to the ground and has given up its gravitational potential energy, however, that difference in weight is too small to detect. But all energy has mass, in accordance with Einstein's famous equation for mass-energy equivalence.
What is an energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom?
To be technically accurate, all four forms of energy, the strong interaction, electromagnetism, the weak interaction, and gravity, are represented in the nuclei of atoms. However, and what this question is probably looking for, is that the strong interaction is, by far, the most powerful of the four. Interestingly, though, electromagnetism rears its effects in nuclei that are greater than atomic number 82 (lead) due to the non-equal distance roll-off curve of the strong interaction versus electromagnetism. This leads to instability2, or what we simply call radioactivity, for the higher numbered nuclides. The strong interaction is also called binding energy, or the nuclear force. When nuclear fission (of heavy nuclides) or fusion (of light nuclides) occurs, there is a reduction in the requirement for binding energy. This delta binding energy is accompanied with a loss of mass1 and this change in binding energy is released to the system as excess energy, heat, radiation, etc. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1Again, being technically correct, there is no loss of mass. Mass can neither be created nor destroyed, and the same goes for energy. They can only be moved from one frame of reference to the other. Einstein's mass-energy equivalance equation e = mc2 says it all - mass is energy and energy is mass - so a fission or fusion reaction that results in a "loss of mass/energy" is actually a reaction where the mass is "carried away" in the energy, because they are effectively the same thing. 2In addition to the "competition" between binding energy and electromagnetism, there is the weak interaction, which leads to instability, again radioactivity, with nuclei that do not have the "ideal" ratio of protons and neutrons. The is the primary cause of beta decay, such as for carbon-14.
How are all atoms of the same kind similar?
They have the same number of protons in their nuclei.
What do the nuclei of different plutonium isotopes have in common?
The nuclei of all plutonium isotopes contain the same number of protons.
How are all atoms of the same kind of matter similar?
They have the same number of protons in their nuclei.
Why does nuclear fusion happen?
Nuclear fusion occurs when two nuclei are placed close enough so that residual binding energy overcomes electromagnetism.Binding energy holds (among other things) quarks together to form protons and neutrons. Residual binding energy, or nuclear force, holds protons and neutrons together to form nuclei. Both forms of binding energy are strong enough, within the confines of the nucleus, sort of - see the next paragraph, to overcome the repulsive force of electromagnetism for like charged particles.Both binding energy and electromagnetism are an inverse function of distance. Binding energy has a steeper distance curve, and that complicates things. Within the confines of a single proton or neutron, or within the confines of smaller nuclei (atomic number less than or equal to 82, lead) binding energy wins. At a certain distance, however, electromagnetism wins, causing protons to repel each other.This magic distance is, primarily, what causes radioactivity, although the weak interaction also has a bearing, but that is not part of the question.In order for fusion to occur, you have to remove the electron cloud. This is done by adding energy, often substantial amounts of heat, creating an ionized plasma. You also have to force the nuclei together. This is done with substantial amounts of pressure, in order to overcome electromagnetism.In the stars, this is easy. Gravity does all the work, creating heat and pressure. On Earth, this is hard. We have been successful creating uncontrolled fusion reactions in hydrogen bombs, but we have not been successful creating sustained controlled reactions. We are probably 50 or more years away from being able to do that.
Do all cells have nuclei?
Not all cells have nuclei. All eukaryotic cells have nuclei and all prokaryotic cells do not.
What gives the sun energy?
Nuclear fusion of elements lighter than iron powers all stars. Basically, when two elements fuse together, there is a loss of mass in the "binding" that holds the nuclei together. In accordance with the law of preservation of matter (it cannot be created or destroyed), that must go somewhere. It is essentially "carried away" in the form of energy. It is this energy that is what keeps the sun, and all other stars, going strong. In the sun, hydrogen is fusing to form helium.
The elements in each____ have the same number of?
all the nuclei of all atoms belonging to one element will have the same atomic number, they may not necessarily have the same mass number
This is also known as atomic energy?
The source of atomic energy is the "binding energy" that exists in the nucleus of all atoms. This is the energy that is contained in the union of the protons and neutrons of the nucleus. When the nucleus is split apart, the binding energy is released.
Does nuclear energy take place at high temperatures?
Your question expresses a significant bit of conceptual confusion. Perhaps I can clear up some of this confusion and at the same time answer your question.What we call temperature is simply the manifestation of kinetic energy at the level of the atom (i.e. slow moving atoms = low temperature, fast moving atoms = high temperature). What we call nuclear energy is simply an excess in the nuclear binding energy, which is the energy binding the protons and neutrons together inside the nucleus and is a manifestation of the strong nuclear force and to a lesser extent the weak nuclear force. This movement of atoms has no affect at all on whether there is or is not excess nuclear energy inside atomic nuclei or if that excess nuclear energy is being released or even can be released. Those nuclei having the least nuclear binding energy are the nuclei of the elements from iron through lead, both the elements lighter than iron and the elements heavier than lead have more nuclear binding energy (which can be considered to be excess nuclear binding energy that could potentially be released).There are three processes that can release excess nuclear energy: radioactive decay, nuclear fission, and nuclear fusion. All of these processes transform nuclear energy to kinetic energy at the level of the atom (i.e. temperature aka heat), and thereby convert a small amount of the mass of the atom into energy. Of these three both radioactive decay and nuclear fission can take place at any temperature, even those so cold as to approach absolute zero. Neither radioactive decay nor nuclear fission takes place any faster or slower with a change in temperature. Nuclear fusion though can only take place at very high temperatures (and pressures) as the nuclei must be very close together and moving fast enough to be able to collide and fuse, despite the strong electrostatic repulsion due to both nuclei involved being positively charged. But this is a threshold temperature, even at high temperatures just below the threshold no nuclear fusion can take place at all and once above the threshold and nuclear fusion begins, raising the temperature further has very little affect on the rate at which that nuclear fusion takes place.Nuclear reactors operate using the process of nuclear fission and generate heat by both nuclear fission and radioactive decay. We are not yet able to extract nuclear energy in a controlled manner using the process of nuclear fusion (only explosive release of nuclear energy has ever been successfully done using the process of nuclear fusion).
