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How does the process of mixing two gases at different temperatures lead to a decrease in entropy?
When two gases at different temperatures are mixed, the overall entropy decreases because the system becomes more ordered. This is because the heat energy from the hotter gas is transferred to the cooler gas, resulting in a more uniform distribution of energy and a decrease in randomness or disorder within the system.
When firecrackers explode will there be any change in entropy?
Yes, there will be an increase in entropy when firecrackers explode. The rapid release of energy and gases during the explosion leads to a more disordered state, resulting in an increase in entropy in the surroundings.
How does the second law of thermodynamics predict the behavior of gasses?
The Second Law predicts that a reaction or process occurs if the entropy increases. Informally, "disorder" will increase; though this is not a very exact definition. Some things where this applies to in gases include:* If you bring two gases together, they will mix. * Pressures will tend to be equalized. * Temperatures will tend to be equalized.
What is The moving or mixing of particles?
The movement or mixing of particles is known as diffusion. It is the process by which particles spread out evenly in a space due to their random motion. This can occur in gases, liquids, and solids.
What is a gas in the atmosphere that traps heat?
Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, are gases in the atmosphere that trap heat from the sun, leading to the greenhouse effect and contributing to global warming.
How do you calculate mixing Gas entropy?
The entropy of mixing is the change in theconfiguration entropy, an extensivethermodynamic quantity, when two differentchemical substances or components are mixed and the volume available for each substance to explore is changed. The name entropy of mixing is misleading, since it is not the intermingling of the particles that creates the entropy change, but rather the change in the available volume per particle.[1] This entropy change is positive when there is more uncertainty about thespatial locations of the different kinds ofmolecules. We assume that the mixing process has reached thermodynamic equilibrium so that the mixture is uniform and homogeneous. If the substances being mixed are initially at different temperatures and pressures, there will, of course, be an additional entropy increase in the mixed substance due to these differences being equilibrated, but if the substances being mixed are initially at the same temperature and pressure, the entropy increase will be entirely due to the entropy of mixing.The entropy of mixing may be calculated by Gibbs' Theorem which states that when two different substances mix, the entropy increase upon mixing is equal to the entropy increase that would occur if the two substances were to expand alone into the mixing volume. (In this sense, then the term "entropy of mixing" is a misnomer, since the entropy increase is not due to any "mixing" effect.) Nevertheless, the two substances must be different for the entropy of mixing to exist. This is the Gibbs paradoxwhich states that if the two substances are identical, there will be no entropy change, yet the slightest detectable difference between the two will yield a considerable entropy change, and this is just the entropy of mixing. In other words, the entropy of mixing is not a continuous function of the degree of difference between the two substances.For the mixing of two ideal gases upon removal of a dividing partition, the entropy of mixing is given by:(1)[tex]\Delta S = n1R\ln((V1+V2)/V1) + n2R\ln((V1+V2)/V2)[/tex]where is the gas constant, n1 and n2 are the number of moles of the respective gases and V1, V2 are their respective initial volumes. After the removal of the partition, each gas particle may explore a larger volume, which causes the entropy change. Note that this equation is only valid if both compartments have the same initial pressure.Note that the mixing involves no heat flow (just the irreversible process of mixing). However, the change in entropy is defined as the integral of dQ/T over the reversible path between the initial and final states. The reversible path between these two states is a quasi-static isothermal expansion. Such a path DOES involve heat flow into the gas: dQ = PdV = nRTdV/V where T is constant (dU = 0). The above equation (1) for entropy is determined by taking the integral of dQ/T over such a path.
How do reaction involving gases affect the entropy of a system?
Reactions involving gases can affect the entropy of a system by changing the number of gas molecules before and after the reaction. An increase in the number of gas molecules typically leads to an increase in entropy, as gases have greater disorder and freedom of movement compared to solids or liquids. Conversely, a decrease in the number of gas molecules usually results in a decrease in entropy.
How does the process of mixing two gases at different temperatures lead to a decrease in entropy?
When two gases at different temperatures are mixed, the overall entropy decreases because the system becomes more ordered. This is because the heat energy from the hotter gas is transferred to the cooler gas, resulting in a more uniform distribution of energy and a decrease in randomness or disorder within the system.
How do gases released near the ground reach the ozone layer?
Diffusion, plain old thermal mixing, aka. entropy. It takes months for gases to diffuse upwards / downwards, days to diffuse north or south (latitudinally), and hours to diffuse west->east (longitudinally).
Why do gases naturally mix with each other when combined?
Gases naturally mix with each other when combined due to entropy.
Is water a substance or a mixture Why did you say so?
water is a substance, made of oxygen and hydrogen, because mixing ox and hyd would give nothing but explosion, water is an effect of chemical reaction, not only mixing gases
What happens to the entropy in the reaction l2(s) l2(g)?
The entropy increases, as going from a solid to a gas increases disorder or randomness in the system. This is because gases have more freedom of movement and energy compared to solids.
How does entropy change in gas reactions?
Reactions that increase the moles of gas will increase in entropy.
Which of the following has the highest entropy Water Ice Water solution or Water vapor?
Water vapor has the highest entropy because gases generally have higher entropy compared to liquids or solids at the same temperature. Entropy tends to increase with the randomness or disorder of the molecules, so the highly disordered state of water vapor results in higher entropy.
When firecrackers explode will there be any change in entropy?
Yes, there will be an increase in entropy when firecrackers explode. The rapid release of energy and gases during the explosion leads to a more disordered state, resulting in an increase in entropy in the surroundings.
What is the mixing and spreading of particles in gases and liquids called?
Diffusion
Why are the rates of diffusion of nitrogen gas and carbon monoxide are almost identical at the same temperature?
The densities of these gases are virtually identical.
