Nuclear accidents are rated according to the International Nuclear Events Scale, which rates accidents from 1 to 7, 7 being the worst.
According to Wikipedia:
There have been other nuclear accidents, and it is possible some of them should have
been rated among these, some subject to secrecy. For example, discharge of 200kg of Plutonium into the Irish Sea from Sellafield is believed to have happened, contaminating cattle and fish, but there is no data as to when or how. A number of other events are rumored and incompletely or poorly documented, but are referred to in written materials from time to time.
Due to 3 mile island, Fukishima, and Cherynobl events people have a somewhat irrational fear of being killed or irradiated by a nuclear disaster. For the hundreds of nuclear plants around the world, and the very low level of accidents, the risk of accidental exposure remains on the order of 1 in a few million per person per year - very few of those being fatal. It is an irrational fear due to the fact that people are not as afraid of red meat or autmobiles which kill, maim, and injure tens of thousands of people per year. Rationally a person should fear the top 20 things that kill your age and gender group. Not the 1842nd thing - radiation exposure.
The top five nuclear energy producing countries are the United States, France, China, Russia, and South Korea. These countries have significant nuclear power capacity and infrastructure in place to generate a large share of their electricity from nuclear sources.
Nuclear weapons fall under the field of nuclear physics and nuclear engineering, which involve the study of atomic nuclei and the application of nuclear reactions for various purposes, including energy production and weapon development. Additionally, strategic studies and political science are also relevant in understanding the impact and implications of nuclear weapons.
Yes, the United States is one of the world's largest producers of nuclear energy, but it is not the top producer. Countries like France, China, and Russia generate more nuclear energy than the United States.
The nuclear reactor of a nuclear power plant is usually considered to be the core and the pressure vessel in which it is encased. The control rods, which are in the core (and pulled some or all of the way out to run the reactor) have their associated rod drive motors on top of the pressure vessel. Instrumentation ports are up there, too. All of these things are generally considered to be the "nuclear reactor" portion of the primary system in the plant. A link is provided to a picture posted at Wikipedia. It has a portion of it colored to show the reactor core, but the pressure vessel is "cut away" to view the core. The control rods (#1 in the drawing) are shown as being on top. That's incorrect. The rod drive motors and control rod lead ("leed" and not "led") screws are up there. (The lead screws connect the control rods, which are down in among the fuel bundles, to the rod drive motors, which are up on top of the pressure vessel's cap.) The rods belong in the core, or in the area above the core when they are pulled out. The whole thing, the core, the vessel, and the rod drive motors as well as the instrumentation on top are considered to be the "nuclear reactor" in a power plant. If asked to identify the picture, the most correct response is probably, "It's a cut-away drawing of a nuclear reactor." That means everything in the picture is part of the nuclear reactor.
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The International Nuclear Event Scale (INES) is a means for communicating in consistent terms the safety significance of nuclear and radiological events. Events are classified on the scale at seven levels; the upper levels (4-7) are termed 'accidents' and the lower levels (1-3) 'incidents'. The Chernobyl nuclear accident is widely regarded as the worst accident in the history of nuclear power. It is the only nuclear accident that has been classified a "major accident" by the International Atomic Energy Agency and rated 7 on the INES. The Soviet Union was also home to the second-most disastrous nuclear accident, at the Mayak Nuclear Power Plant near the city of Kyshtym, classified as a Level 6 Disaster, which is a "serious accident."
Some of the top 5 worst mudslides in history include the Vargas tragedy in Venezuela in 1999, Armero tragedy in Colombia in 1985, the Oso landslide in Washington, USA in 2014, the Leyte landslide in the Philippines in 2006, and the Regent landslide in Sierra Leone in 2017. These events resulted in significant loss of life and property damage.
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