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The two designs built commercially in the US are the Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR) and the Boiling Water Reactor (BWR). Both these use ordinary water as moderator and coolant.

In Canada the Heavy Water Moderated design (Candu) has been built in numbers.

In France a large number of PWR's has been built.

In the UK, the gas cooled design was the main build for many years. These use a graphite moderator and CO2 coolant. The first series used natural uranium with a magnesium alloy fuel cladding, but the temperature level permitted with this type of fuel was fairly low. The Advanced Gas Cooled reactor used enriched UO2 fuel with stainless steel cladding which allowed higher gas temperature. These were fairly successful, but expensive to build. Any future reactors in the UK will be PWR or BWR.

It is possible to build a reactor which uses fuel in the form of large pebbles, with helium coolant, driving a gas turbine directly, without a steam circuit. Time may tell whether this is really a practical commercial design.

Another possible design is a reactor that uses fast neutrons. A power producing prototype was built in Scotland at Dounreay, but ultimately it was found that material problems made it too difficult to bring into commercial use.

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