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The energy created in a tidal energy system is dependent on the volume of water and the force it supplies to the turbines as it flows out. The potential energy contained in the water contained in the catchment of the tidal basin is:

E=1/2 Apgh2
where:

  • h is the vertical tidal range,
  • A is the horizontal area of the basin,
  • ρ is the density of water = 1025 kg per cubic meter (based on the range of sea water densities between 1021 and 1030 kg per cubic meter)
  • g is the acceleration due to the Earth's gravity = 9.81 meters per second squared.

The factor 1/2 occurs in the equation as the water velocity through the turbines decrease from 100% downwards as the height of water in the basin decreases.
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