Perth and Melbourne use it in Australia because they are near the sea, Israel, Saudi Arabia, and several Persian Gulf countries use desalination plants as well given the amount of desert they contain.
all countries that have access to water
Australian cities are planning to build desalination plants to get more water ready to use instead of waiting for it to rain
Most desalination plants in the Middle East are on the Arab coastline of the Persian Gulf in countries like Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. However, some are starting to be built in Israel as well.
Illinois does not need desalination plants. It has plenty of fresh water from Lake Michigan.
Desalination plants have limited use in North Africa primarily due to their high operational costs and significant energy requirements, which can strain already limited energy resources. Additionally, the initial capital investment for construction and maintenance is substantial, often making it economically unfeasible for many countries in the region. Environmental concerns, such as the impact of brine disposal on marine ecosystems, further complicate the implementation of desalination technologies. Lastly, the lack of infrastructure and investment in alternative water management strategies also restricts their broader use.
They have them because some countries don't have fresh water and the only water is sea water.
Desalination as a technology has roots dating back to ancient civilizations, but modern desalination plants were developed in the 20th century. The first large-scale desalination plant was established in 1954 in Kuwait, utilizing multi-stage flash distillation. Researchers and engineers from various countries contributed to advancements in the technology, making it more efficient and widespread for addressing water scarcity. Notable figures in the development of desalination technologies include scientists like Dr. Sidney Loeb, who pioneered reverse osmosis techniques in the 1960s.
The use of desalination plants is controversial. Two major concerns are:they use a lot of energy, which is supplied by coal-fired power plants. Apart from the pollution caused by these plants there are many who feel that they are not sustainable. That is, they cannot continue to operate without putting the environment and our future at risk.the water flowing back to the sea contains much more salt than normal sea water. It is also warmer. This can affect marine animals and plants that live near the desalination plant.
The total area occupied by desalination plants on Earth is about 50,000 acres. This area includes various types of desalination facilities located in different regions around the world.
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Because without desalination the salt in the water would kill the plants.
reverse osmosis