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It's a very hard question to answer, and scholars are trying hard to find an answer. As a general phenomenon in Europe, it wasn't simply the result of the Great Depression. Many of the post-WW1 European dictatorships came into being much earlier. Soviet Union, 1918-21; Italy, 1922; Hungary, 1919-20; Poland, 1925; Romania, 1923(?); Yugoslavia ?. Most of these countries had some of the superficial forms of democracies, but nothing more than that. One should add Spain, Portugal, Austria and of course Germany to the list, also the Baltic Republics. Also, many democracies had only just replaced monarchies, so they were weak, and were easliy overthrown.

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