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What was the conditioned stimulus (UCS) in the case of Little Albert?
The conditioned stimulus (CS) in the case of Little Albert was the white rat.
Did Watson use classical conditioning principles in a famous study of Little Hans?
Little Hans was a case study by Freud. It involved a child who was afraid of horses. You are probably confusing it with Little Albert, a study by Watson and Rayner. In this study, a loud bar was clanged when Albert approached a white rat. This is not classical conditioning, but operant conditioning, as the child is learning by trial and error.
How many paired comparisons are possible given 9 stimulus objects?
The number of paired comparisons possible with 9 stimulus objects can be calculated using the formula n(n-1)/2, where n is the number of objects. In this case, with 9 stimulus objects, the number of paired comparisons possible would be 36.
Where is the proximal stimulus to be found?
The proximal stimulus is found in the immediate environment surrounding a person or object. It refers to the physical characteristics of stimuli that directly affect our sensory receptors, such as light waves hitting the retina in the case of vision or sound waves interacting with the ear for hearing.
What is the difference between an absolute threshold and a decision threshold?
An absolute threshold was seen as a hypothetical barrier that incoming stimuli must overcome before they can be perceived, it was based on the ability to pass through the threshold based on absolute judgements about a single stimulus. In the case where a person were to, for example- detect a light, the strength of said light would have to be strong enough to pass the threshold for an observer to perceive it, it was generally based on the observer's ability to detect a signal.In reality however, there is no such threshold that splits the stimulus dimension into detectable and undetectable components. Rather, a stimulus must yield a sensation that exceeds the decision criterion (beta) for even the weakest signal to be perceived, so a decision threshold is the stimulus that elicits the response or perception. The detectability and reporting of the presence of a signal- or the light- are both factors because the decision threshold must be passed and the results from the strength of the stimulus, for example the light- as well the evidence of yielding such strength, must be plausible. Only in this case, do we have correct detection of a signal.
What was the conditioned stimulus (UCS) in the case of Little Albert?
The conditioned stimulus (CS) in the case of Little Albert was the white rat.
Is natural selection if a pigeon learns when its keeper comes near it it will be fed?
No, you are probably thinking of classical/pavlovian/respondent conditioning. This is when a conditioned stimulus, in this situation it would be the keeper, comes to signal the occurrence of a second unconditioned stimulus, in this case being fed.
Ethical problem that Little Albert has?
There were many ethical problems with the Little Albert study. Firstly, it was clearly a case of harm to the participant. Albert was consistently made to experience a loud clanging, and ultimately it drove him to feel extreme fear. Secondly, there was not informed consent as Albert was still very young. Thirdly, the right to withdraw was under question as, even as Albert became distressed with the experiment, it continued.
What was learned in regard to the case of Little Albert?
The case of Little Albert demonstrated that emotional responses, such as fear, can be conditioned in humans. Conducted by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner in 1920, the experiment involved exposing a young child to a white rat and associating it with loud, frightening noises, leading Albert to develop a fear of the rat and similar stimuli. This case highlighted the principles of classical conditioning and raised ethical concerns regarding the treatment of subjects in psychological research. It laid foundational ideas for behaviorism and the understanding of learned behaviors.
What are some examples of case studies?
Genie David Reimer Little Albert Little Hans (Freud) Phineas Gage Clive Wearing HM (Henry Molaison) These are probably the most famouse case study examples - all are covered in a book by Geoff Rolls: Classic case studies in psychology' published by Hodder UK
What has the author Albert L Cobb written?
Albert L. Cobb has written: 'The \\' -- subject(s): Case studies, Murder, Prosecution
Whats a example of stimulus control?
An example of stimulus control is a child learning to say "please" and "thank you" only when prompted by their parents. In this case, the parents serve as a stimulus that cues the child to use polite language. Once the child associates these phrases with the presence of their parents, they may start using them independently in similar social situations, demonstrating how the initial stimulus influenced their behavior.
Did Watson use classical conditioning principles in a famous study of Little Hans?
Little Hans was a case study by Freud. It involved a child who was afraid of horses. You are probably confusing it with Little Albert, a study by Watson and Rayner. In this study, a loud bar was clanged when Albert approached a white rat. This is not classical conditioning, but operant conditioning, as the child is learning by trial and error.
How many paired comparisons are possible given 9 stimulus objects?
The number of paired comparisons possible with 9 stimulus objects can be calculated using the formula n(n-1)/2, where n is the number of objects. In this case, with 9 stimulus objects, the number of paired comparisons possible would be 36.
What has the author Albert Herrenknecht written?
Albert Herrenknecht has written: 'Provinzleben' -- subject(s): Case studies, City and town life, Youth centers
Pavlov's experiment was a typical case of classical conditioning because?
Classical conditioning is a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus. In Pavlov's experiment the tone of a bell was the natural stimulus, and it caused salivating in response to food. Eventually the tone of the bell would produce salivating.
When a duck dives under water its inner eyelids automatically raise to cover the duck's eye. In this case water acts as?
a stimulus
