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Catholic AnswerThe following two definitions are from A Catholic Dictionary, edited by Donald Attwater, 2nd Edition, revised
Catholicism. the system of faith and morals revealed by God to man through Jesus Christ, who found a catholic, i.e. universal, Church as the depository of that revelation and as the common ark of salvation for all; the ecclesiastical system and organization of that Church. The principal articles of faith of Catholicism are: the unity of God in three divine Persons (the Holy Trinity); the fall of Adam and the resulting original sin of all mankind; that sanctifying grace was given to man at the beginning, lost by Adam, restored by Jesus Christ; the incarnation, passion, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ in whom are united two natures, human and divine; the one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church established by him; the immaculate conception, divine maternity and perpetual virginity of his mother, Mary; the real presence by transubstantiation of the body, blood, soul, and divinity of Christ in the Eucharist; his institution of seven sacraments for our salvation; the absolute need of grace for salvation; purgatory, the resurrection of the body and everlasting life in Heaven or Hell; the primacy of jurisdiction and the infallibility of the pope of Rome; the Mass a true and proper sacrifice; the lawfulness of the veneration of saints and their images; the authority of Tradition and Scripture; the necessity for salvation of membership of the Church, at least invisibly; the obligation of the moral law. The most obvious call of Catholicism on the attention of humankind is that it is the religion of God-become-man, and therefore it "calls for the whole personality, not merely pious feeling but also cool reason, and not reason only but also the practical will, and not only the inner man of the intelligence but also the outer man of the sensibility. Catholicism is according to its whole being the full and strong affirmation of the whole man in the complete sum of all life relations. It is the positive religion par excellence, essentially affirmation without subtraction, and in the full sense essentially thesis" (Karl Adam), as opposed to anti-thesis, conflict, contradiction and negation. Catholicism makes no claim to a monopoly of truth, goodness and beauty; it knows that man has an aptitude for the discovery of religious truths and moral values, that the True Light "enlightens every soul born into the world." But only in Catholic Christianity are religious truths found in their fullness, synthesized into a whole which gives a meaning to life, in God and his love for men. Catholic Christianity if the fulfilment of all those elements of truth found scattered and mixed with varying proportions of falsity, crudity and charlatanism throughout the myriad religions of man: it raises human beings to a supernatural state, making them "partakers of the divine nature."
Protestantism. A generic name for those forms of Christianity derived from the teachings of those who revolted from the Catholic Church in the 16th century and for the principles characteristic of them. These were chiefly the sufficiency and supremacy of the Bible as the rule of faith; the total corruption and depravity of human nature by the Fall; the dependence of salvation solely on the merits of Christ (justification by faith); predestination to Heaven or Hell; the universal priesthood of all believers interpreted as an opposition to the divine appointment of an ordained priesthood and as a right to private interpretation of doctrine in general and the Bible in particular. The Hebrew Scriptures had a sudden and new importance; in particular, Calvinism, in its ultimate analysis, was an enlarged Judaism, and Hebraism (for example, the idea that prosperity and success are tokens by which election can be recognized) is still a characteristic of much Protestantism, even when it has to a considerable extent repudiated the Old Testament. There followed from these: the rejection of papal (and in some cases of episcopal) authority and the doctrines of the Mass as a sacrifice, the Real Presence, confession, and penance, Purgatory, indulgences, the intercession of the saints, the meritoriousness and necessity of good works for salvation, etc. The principle which became ruling was that of private judgment and free choice which is supreme in popular Protestantism to-day;: the latest and most devastation development is "Modernism," which in effect adopts historical statements of doctrines in faith and morals and chooses the interpretation to be put on them according to the ideas and taste of the individual concerned. In accordance with the spirit of the times, Protestantism is now pragmatist, ethical and naturalistic, and less and less upholds a divine revelation of absolute truth. The primary forms from which Protestantism derives are Lutheranism, Calvinism, Zwinglianism, and Anglicanism.
Catholicism. the system of faith and morals revealed by God to man through Jesus Christ, who found a catholic, i.e. universal, Church as the depository of that revelation and as the common ark of salvation for all; the ecclesiastical system and organization of that Church. The principal articles of faith of Catholicism are: the unity of God in three divine Persons (the Holy Trinity); the fall of Adam and the resulting original sin of all mankind; that sanctifying grace was given to man at the beginning, lost by Adam, restored by Jesus Christ; the incarnation, passion, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ in whom are united two natures, human and divine; the one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church established by him; the immaculate conception, divine maternity and perpetual virginity of his mother, Mary; the real presence by transubstantiation of the body, blood, soul, and divinity of Christ in the Eucharist; his institution of seven sacraments for our salvation; the absolute need of grace for salvation; purgatory, the resurrection of the body and everlasting life in Heaven or Hell; the primacy of jurisdiction and the infallibility of the pope of Rome; the Mass a true and proper sacrifice; the lawfulness of the veneration of saints and their images; the authority of Tradition and Scripture; the necessity for salvation of membership of the Church, at least invisibly; the obligation of the moral law. The most obvious call of Catholicism on the attention of humankind is that it is the religion of God-become-man, and therefore it "calls for the whole personality, not merely pious feeling but also cool reason, and not reason only but also the practical will, and not only the inner man of the intelligence but also the outer man of the sensibility. Catholicism is according to its whole being the full and strong affirmation of the whole man in the complete sum of all life relations. It is the positive religion par excellence, essentially affirmation without subtraction, and in the full sense essentially thesis" (Karl Adam), as opposed to anti-thesis, conflict, contradiction and negation. Catholicism makes no claim to a monopoly of truth, goodness and beauty; it knows that man has an aptitude for the discovery of religious truths and moral values, that the True Light "enlightens every soul born into the world." But only in Catholic Christianity are religious truths found in their fullness, synthesized into a whole which gives a meaning to life, in God and his love for men. Catholic Christianity if the fulfilment of all those elements of truth found scattered and mixed with varying proportions of falsity, crudity and charlatanism throughout the myriad religions of man: it raises human beings to a supernatural state, making them "partakers of the divine nature."
Protestantism. A generic name for those forms of Christianity derived from the teachings of those who revolted from the Catholic Church in the 16th century and for the principles characteristic of them. These were chiefly the sufficiency and supremacy of the Bible as the rule of faith; the total corruption and depravity of human nature by the Fall; the dependence of salvation solely on the merits of Christ (justification by faith); predestination to Heaven or Hell; the universal priesthood of all believers interpreted as an opposition to the divine appointment of an ordained priesthood and as a right to private interpretation of doctrine in general and the Bible in particular. The Hebrew Scriptures had a sudden and new importance; in particular, Calvinism, in its ultimate analysis, was an enlarged Judaism, and Hebraism (for example, the idea that prosperity and success are tokens by which election can be recognized) is still a characteristic of much Protestantism, even when it has to a considerable extent repudiated the Old Testament. There followed from these: the rejection of papal (and in some cases of episcopal) authority and the doctrines of the Mass as a sacrifice, the Real Presence, confession, and penance, Purgatory, indulgences, the intercession of the saints, the meritoriousness and necessity of good works for salvation, etc. The principle which became ruling was that of private judgment and free choice which is supreme in popular Protestantism to-day;: the latest and most devastation development is "Modernism," which in effect adopts historical statements of doctrines in faith and morals and chooses the interpretation to be put on them according to the ideas and taste of the individual concerned. In accordance with the spirit of the times, Protestantism is now pragmatist, ethical and naturalistic, and less and less upholds a divine revelation of absolute truth. The primary forms from which Protestantism derives are Lutheranism, Calvinism, Zwinglianism, and Anglicanism.
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Related Questions
Who converts more Catholics to Protestants or Protestants to Catholics?
protestants to catholics
What are the two religious groups in Ireland that are at war with each orther?
The Protestants and the Catholics have fought for many years in Ireland but it was for political reasons rather than religious ones. The Protestants wanted the head of the Church of England to rule which is the King or Queen of England. There isn't any fighting now.
Why is Northern Ireland Protestant?
No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.No. There are more Protestants than Catholics in Northern Ireland.
How did catholics react to protestants?
the way Catholics of that time reacted to anything different from them, with violence and false accusations
How catholics react to protestants?
the way Catholics of that time reacted to anything different from them, with violence and false accusations
What religion includes Catholics and protestants?
Catholics and Protestants are both part of Christianity.
When the English Civil War started was there more catholics or protestants?
there was more catholics and protestants.
What happend to Calvert's dream for Maryland home to wealthy Catholics?
more protestants than catholics settled there. (apex)
Were there more Catholics or Protestants in 1642?
Worldwide, there were more Catholics than Protestants in 1642 as there are today.
Which have more modern-day miracles the Catholics or the Protestants?
Catholics recognize more miracles than do the Protestants.
Was Maryland founded as a haven for Protestants and debtors?
Not for protestants but for Catholics
What is the most distinct christian religion?
Christianity is a religion. There are different denominations though, and Protestants and Catholics.
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