Answer 1
The country Judaism started in was Israel in the Middle East
Israel
Answer 2
The culture, philosophy, and practice of Judaism evolved in the region that is now known as Israel.
Answer 3
The general religious answer is that Judaism originated in Israel, but there are three acceptable religious answers (Israel, Harran, and Sinai). In addition there is also the historical answer (Slow Development in Israel and Babylon). These four viewpoints are discussed below.
Religious: Israel
The general correct answer is the Holy Land (Canaan; today's Israel), since it was there that Abraham lived most of his life. It was there that Abraham made a covenant with God (Genesis ch.15) and raised his family and taught disciples to carry on his beliefs and traditions (see Genesis 18:19).
Religious: Harran (North Syria/South Turkey) -- The Road Between Babylonia and Israel
Judaism, theoretically, could also have developed in Harran, since it was there that the young Abraham lived for several decades (after being born in Ur) and began teaching others about the One God.
Religious: Sinai (Northeast Egypt)
The Jewish people officially became a nation at Mt. Sinai when G-d revealed Himself to 2 million people and gave them the Torah (Exodus ch.19). This differs from other religions in the fact that the revelation involved the whole nation and not just one individual.
Historical: Israel and Babylonia (Central Iraq)
Jewish teachings began to crystallize in the times of the Kings of Israel, but those beliefs and traditions did not crystallize until the Jewish Exile in Babylon. It was at this point, that the Torah was completed as opined by the JEPD hypothesis.
Judaism was founded in ancient Israel. Today Jews live in almost every country on the planet.
According to the TIME/Britannica Almanac 2010, self-identified adherentsto Judaism were found in 136 countries in 2009.
Adherents to Judaism are found in roughly 135 countries, and total about 0.2% (one fifth of one percent) of the world's population. Israel is the only country where adherents to Judaism are a majority.
Individuals who identify themselves as adherents of Judaism are presently found in about 135 countries. The only country in which they are a majority of the population is Israel.
Traditionally, Abraham was the founder of Judaism.
According to one survey, adherents to Judaism were found living in 135 countriesas of mid-2009, and totaled 0.2% (two tenths of one percent) of world population.
Judaism
Judaism began in in present from what was known as Canaan
The teachings of Judaism can be found in the The Hebrew Bible, the Mishna, The Talmud, and many other texts.
Israel.
Judaism.
Country-Israel.