To punish others for their beliefs?

Answer 1

There was much religious tolerance in ancient Rome. People generally were not punished for having different beliefs: they were just allowed to get on with it. Notable exceptions are the Christians and the Druids. The Christians were made scapegoats for the City of Rome catching fire. The Druids were hunted and driven from Europe. The excuse given was that they practised human sacrifice, but it is more likely that they formed a local power base which could organise resistance to the Roman forces who were busy invading their homelands of Gaul and Britain.

Answer 2

Persecution if they have a genuine belief.