The oldest text associated with Judaism is the Torah, the 5 books of Moses, Genesis through Deuteronomy. The Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, contains the books of the Torah, Neviim and Ketuvim (Torah, Prophets and Writings). The Talmud is a collection of discussions of the meaning of the Torah by various rabbis collected after the Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in the year 70. The various versions of the Siddur are collections of liturgy gleaned from the Tanakh and Talmud assembled mostly since the year 1000 that structure essentially all Jewish worship to this day.
Judaism is not a sacred text, it is a religion and that religion happens to have a sacred text. To learn more about Judaism's Sacred Text, read the Related Question.
The equivalent sacred text in Islam to the Torah in Judaism is the Quran.
The Torah
The Koran is the religious text of Islam. The Torah is the core religious text of Judaism. Neither are places.
Judaism
Torah
Yes, the Torah is the basic text of Judaism, containing its beliefs and laws.
Yes.
Judaism
bone of contention means ... why is it special like why is Jerusalem a bone of contention to Judaism ....this means why is Jerusalem special to Judaism.
The Tanakh (Jewish Bible).
Yes.