The old part of the Holy Bible dealt with the original group of God's people. God had made a deal with these people - the Israelites - that he would protect them if they would respect Him. Another word for 'deal' is 'covenant'. In fact, the early Israelites had a beautiful large box made of cedar to hold this covenant. It was called the Ark of the Covenant.
It may be useful to point out that another term for a 'deal' or 'covenant' is 'Testament'. You may have heard of somebody writing down their 'Last Will and Testament', which is a 'deal' made with those who survive that person's death. This Will is sort of a contract, or . . . a Testament.
It wasn't until Jesus the Christ started preaching a new way of looking at God in love rather than fear that the new religion called Christianity was started. After Jesus' death and resurrection, church people got together (Nicene Council, et al) to put together all of the great religious writings. Of course, they started with the Pentateuch, or first 5 books of that original contract with God. They used the term, 'Old Testament" to refer to it.
The teachings of Jesus the Christ were obviously mandated by God, and it so changed the viewpoint of those Jews and Greeks (OK, and Romans) that followed His word, that they called it . . . yep, the New Testament, or 'contract' with its followers.
First Adam and eve come to the mind from the old testament.
Usually the Old Testament.
It is always from the New Testament. The first reading is usually ( but not always) from the Old Testament (Hebrew Scriptures)
Yes, the readings usually follow the plan: Old Testament, Psalm, New Testament (Epistle or other non-Gospel reading), Alleluia verse, Gospel in a Sunday Mass. The Second reading is omitted during the week, and the first reading may be from either the Old Testament or the New Testament.
The Old Testament
Matthew 2:2 "...are come to worship him..."
The Second Reading generally comes from one of the books in the New Testament, not including the Gospels. Usually it comes from an epistle, or a letter, written to the early Christians by St. Paul. This is because the epistles make up the good majority of the New Testament.
Actually, the terms located in the middle of a proportion are called the means. The first and fourth terms are the extremes.
No one is certain, but Hebrews is likely the oldest book in the New Testament. Next would probably come the genuine epistles of Paul. Thus, 1 Thessalonians could be the second oldest book in the New Testament.
The word pyromania is the blending of two terms. The first, pyr, comes from the Greek word for fire. The second half of the word, mania, is a term that means frenzy or madness.
April second in the UK. The first or second of May in the US.
In the Catholic Church, there are two different cycles of readings, one for Sunday Masses (allowing the Church to read nearly the entire Bible in three years on Sundays) and one for weekday Masses (which covers the same amount of the Bible in two years). It is important to remember that Sunday Masses have three readings while weekday Masses have two. During Sunday Masses, the first reading usually comes from the Old Testament, with rare exceptions including the Sundays of the Easter Season, when the first readings come from the Book of Acts. Also, during Advent, the first reading comes from the book of Revelation on Sundays. During weekday Masses, the first reading comes from either the Old or New Testament.