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The word maṇḍala (मण्डल) comes from the ancient Indian language Sanskrit, and means "circle." Maṇḍala refers to the sections of work of the Ṛgveda, and is also used to describe imagry in spiritual practice and meditation within the Indian traditions, including Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism. An example of a maṇḍala from these religions would be the geometric designs called yantras.

One theory on the origin of maṇḍalas (particularly yantras), is based on the geometric patterns created by sound frequency. Each frequency arranges particles in a different pattern, as illustrated by sand on a drum or speaker. This suggests that maṇḍalas (yantras) may be linked with the concept of creation through sound - Speech (Sanskrit, vāk - वाक्) or Word (Greek, logos - λόγος).

The term maṇḍala is sometimes applied to similar imagry found outside of Indian religions, including Christianity (eg. celtic cross) and Native American traditions (eg. medicine wheels).

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