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The main ingredients used in cake making are flour, sugar, fat, eggs, raising agent and fruits .

Cake Ingredients:

  • Flour creates a base.
  • Eggs acts as the main binding ingredient and add moisture.
  • Oil adds moisture and richness and also acts as a secondary binding agent.
  • Milk adds sweetness and moisture.
  • Vanilla extract adds flavor and depth.
  • Baking powder / soda make a cake rise or be lighter and fluffier.
  • Salt adds flavor / enhances flavor.

Main Functions of Cake Making Ingredients

1. Flour

To give volume, bulk and structure to the cake.

2. Sugar

Sugar or sweeteners have the following purposes in baking.

add sweetness and flavour.

create tenderness and fineness of texture.

give crust colour.

act as a preservative.

act as a creaming agent with fat and as a foaming agent with eggs.

3. Fat

The major functions of fat in baked products are:

to tenderize the product and soften the texture.

to add moistness and richness.

to add flavour.

to assist in leavening .

4. Eggs perform the following functions:

egg protein coagulates to give structure to baked products.

egg yolks contain natural emulsifiers which help to produce smooth batters. This contributes to volume and texture.

beaten eggs incorporate air. In a batter this trapped air expands when heated and aids in leavening.

adds moisture

adds flavour

improves the nutritional Value

helps to improve the colour

5. Raising Agent

Baking powder when combined with liquid produces carbon dioxide which helps to incorporate air and expands the gluten in the flour. The application of heat causes the cake to set while in the 'risen' position.

6. Fruits

Dried fruits add to the nutritional value of the cake. These fruits must be soaked before adding them to the cake mixture or they will compete with the mixture for moisture.

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