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Greenhouse gases are the product of combustion of which energy source?
All sources of energy which combust carbon containing fuels (coal, oil, gas, wood, peat, alcohol, gasoline. diesel, biofuel, etc.) produce GHGs. Even the combustion of hydrogen in air instead of pure oxygen can create NOx compounds which are GHGs. Nuclear, solar, wind, tide, geothermal, and hydro electrical energy is created without GHGs.
Are there possibilites of changing greenhouse gases?
Greenhouse gasses or GHGs (carbon dioxide, methane and a few others) are emitted from natural and manmade sources. The Earth is set to handle the amount from natural sources, but the extra from manmade sources tips the balance to cause a slow increase in the GHGs. Mankind can restore the balance by * reducing the emissions from fuel burning (the primary cause) or * by increasing the amount taken from the air by increasing forest cover or the creation of other carbon absorbing systems.
What is the cap-and-trade approach to pollution control?
Cap and trade is touted as a method of reducing GHG emissions based on: * capping the amount of GHGs that a plant can emit (in total tonnes/yr) with a declining permitted amount over the following years. * emissions in excess of the permitted amount cost the firm a fee (say $10/tonne) Assume the company can either pay the fine or put in pollution control equipment which would remove GHGs at a cost of more than $10/tonne. What is supposed to happen next is that another firm which will be below it's permitted emission rate will step up and sell the "hole" for $8/tonne, making money for themselves and saving the first company $2/tonne. Alternately if he first company can put in a GHG control system at the second company for less than one at their own plant site they will do that and claim the reduction for themselves. What I have seen happen is that, since this activity looks more like commodity trading than pollution control, the company's trading staff get involved instead of the environmentalists and engineers. You soon have a futures market in GHGs - big bucks to be made by all. Except the purpose of the program is to reduce GHGs not play with them.
What gas absorb and trap heat radiation?
Collectively the gases in the Earth's atmosphere which trap heat are called the Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). They are prmarily:Water vapour (H2O)Carbon dioxide (CO2)Methane (CH4)Nitrous oxide (N2O)Ozone (O3)Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
What is the production of greenhouse gasses?
From several sources it was calculated that the world annual emissions of the big 4 GHGs were as follows. The data does not account for water vapour or natural emissions. * CO2 30 billion tons * CH4 7 billion tons * Nitrous Oxide 3 billion * Fluorocarbons 3 billion
Why are green house gases are bad?
Because Green House Gases (Methane, CO2, H20 etc) trap heat and maintain the heat. So when the infared rays are emitted from the sun, instead of bouncing off the surface of the earth and out to space they are trapped in the molecules of the various GHGs heating the atmosphere and the earth's climate leading to any variety of eco-logical collapses.
What are the 6 major GHGs targeted through the Kyoto Protocol?
The six major greenhouse gases targeted through the Kyoto Protocol are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). These gases contribute to global warming and climate change.
What is a greenhouse gas layer?
There is no greenhouse gas (GHG) layer. Greenhouse gases are mixed throughout the atmosphere producing an essentially homogeneous mixture. The popular concept, thanks to "bad science" news is that GHGs accumulate in a layer somewhere "up there" and form a barrier of gas that traps heat from the sun like glass in a greenhouse. Wrong! The GHGs in the atmosphere absorb heat from the sun because of the length of their atomic bonds. The warmer gases share their heat with the rest of the atmospheric gases increasing the average gas temperature
What gases are the main greenhouse gases and how they are upsetting the Earth and also demonstrate using chemical reactions?
Many chemical compounds present in Earth's atmosphere behave as 'greenhouse gases'.The natural GHGs are:carbon dioxidemethanewater vapornitrous oxideThe artificial or man-made GHGs are:chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).There is no chemical reaction which allows them to increase the retention of solar energy, just physical absorption and release of heat. This process allows the Earth's atmosphere to heat up.
What does 'cap and trade' mean?
Cap and trade is touted as a method of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on: * capping the amount of GHGs that a plant can emit (in total tonnes/yr) with a declining permitted amount over the following years. * emissions in excess of the permitted amount cost the firm a fee (say $10/tonne) Assume the company can either pay the fine or put in pollution control equipment which would remove GHGs at a cost of more than $10/tonne. What is supposed to happen next is that another firm which will be below its permitted emission rate will step up and sell the "hole" for $8/tonne, making money for themselves and saving the first company $2/tonne. Alternately if the first company can put in a GHG control system at the second company for less than one at their own plant site they will do that and claim the reduction for themselves. What I have seen happen is that, since this activity looks more like commodity trading than pollution control, the company's trading staff get involved instead of the environmentalists and engineers. You soon have a futures' market in GHGs - big bucks to be made by all. Except the purpose of the program is to reduce GHGs not play with them. Furthermore all nations need to "play" to make the system work. China and India for their own economic interests, especially in the current worldwide collapse, have indicated they will not participate. This directly increases their economic competitiveness relative to any nation that participates in this system and will cause migration of jobs and production to non cap-and-trade nations. In addition the costs of administrating and monitoring this international bureaucracy would have to be substantial and would be unwieldy.
Is carbon dioxide the only gas to increase in atmospheric concentration over the last 150 years?
There are several GHGs which have increased over the past century:Water vapor (H2O) due to increasing global temperatureCarbon dioxide (CO2) due to fissil fuel use and deforestrationMethane (CH4) due to cattle farmingNitrous oxides (NOx) due to combustion processesOzone (O3) as part of photochemical smogCFCs (totally man made and released)
What Substances and chemicals are involved in greenhouse gases?
Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), fluorinated gases, and water vapor. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change.
