Evolution

Darwin's. Duh.

Lamarck believed in evolution by acquired traits; i.e., if a blacksmith hammers all day, his arm becomes strong. By Lamarck's theory, the blacksmith's strength would be transferred to his offspring, but this is never observed.

No, unless the mechanisms by which these traits are acquired are inherited, subject to variation, and found in patterns of nested hierarchies.

1. Arthropod appendages evolved into different forms.

2. The early body plan was modified gradually.

3. Appendages of living arthropods include wings, flippers, and mouthparts.

Disruptive selection, also known as diversifying selection.

Very closely in natural selection, but in some drivers of evolution, such as sexual selection, Wallace and Darwin disagreed on the fine points. Wallace could not accept female choice in sexual selection when Darwin posited this concept. Lively exchanges in letters were held over this disagreement.

A finch

Go to,

talkorigins.org

and you will find 29 instances of speciation recorded in modern times.

Think of polyploidy in plants and you will see that speciation is happening under your nose all the time. You eat breakfast, lunch and dinner on polyploid species

His concepts about acquired characteristics and use and disuse.

Evolution explains diversity through the process of natural selection, genetic variation, and adaptation to different environments. Organisms with traits that provide a survival advantage are more likely to reproduce and pass on those favorable traits to their offspring, leading to the diversification of species over time.

Isolation can lead to evolution due to a reduction in the amount a species has to maintain its current gene pool. An example of isolation is a population on an island, like the Galapagos Islands. When changes do happen in a specie's DNA, having a small population reduces the chances for that change to become erased due to breeding. Changes within a small, isolated population are magnified due to the relatively small number of individuals they can breed with.

To bring this question to another perspective, say that water represents a population and red dye means a change in an individual's DNA; mutation. More water means many individuals. Less water means few individuals. Take for example a large Olympic-sized swimming pool and put one drop of red dye in it. Chances are, the water will still be clear. This is your large, non-isolated population. On the other hand, take a mug of water and put that one drop of red dye in it. Chances are the mug of water will have a noticeably different colour. This is your small, isolated population.

As you can imagine, changes within a smaller population are much more profound. Because the population is small, there is a limited group in which species can pass their genes on to future generations, so these mutations in DNA are not erased so easily. That is why on remote islands such as the Galapagos, there are many species that are unique only to that island.

The evolutionary significance of behavior lies in its role in enhancing survival and reproductive success. Behaviors can influence how organisms find food, avoid predators, and attract mates, ultimately impacting their fitness. Additionally, social behaviors, such as cooperation and communication, can lead to the formation of groups that increase the chances of survival for individuals. Through natural selection, advantageous behaviors can become more prevalent in populations over generations.

tomorrow.

He went to the Galapagos islands and was inspired by the iguanas that were capable of living efficiently on land as well as in the water. He also saw the diversity on the island which gave him inspiration.

Darwin did not know about the role of genetics in inheritance, as Gregor Mendel's work on inheritance was not known to Darwin in his lifetime. Additionally, he did not have knowledge of the mechanism of heredity through DNA and genes.

I'm not sure they were. Palaeontologists and zoologists were, however. They were because finding such an intermediary would confirm various hypotheses about the ancestry of modern Man.

It wasn't!

The theory of evolution by natural selection has nothing to do with social Darwinism and to posit such a connection is ill posed. The theory of evolution by natural selection is about individual selection of organisms and has nothing to do with group to group success in economic terms.

survival of the fitest

Dinosaurs are actually a great way of PROVING evolution. The fossil record has shown many evolutionary pathways dinosaurs ventured down during their 165 million year reign. Fossil evidence has shown many species of theropods, or meat eating dinosaurs, had feathers and increasingly bird-like characteristics. New discoveries in China have furthered the link between dinosaur and bird, helping to prove that evolution isn't merely a theory, but is indeed a irrefutable FACT.

Probably gradualism as they have not seemed to change much and have not split to give rise to new species. Stabilizing selection keep this organism evolving slowly.

By doting on his children. He also went in for certain water and mineral waters cures because of his mysterious lifetime illness, Basically, he stayed on his property at Down House and worked at the many naturalistic experiments he was preforming. From immersing seeds in brine to see if they could stand ocean drifting to his last book on earthworms

Yes. For instance, vertebrates and octopuses evolved a very similar type of eye, independently from one another.

nothing much

Two main concepts. The concept of acquired characteristics where a characteristic, such as developed muscles, could be passed on to progeny. Refuted. Also the concept that organisms have a innate " desire " to evolve in certain directions. Also refuted.

yes