Mining

Talc has been used by humans for thousands of years and its discovery dates back to ancient civilizations. It was used by Egyptian and Greek cultures for various purposes including cosmetics, medicines, and sculptures.

The streak test involves studying the color of the powdered form of a mineral. This is typically done by rubbing the mineral against an unglazed porcelain tile to see the color of the streak left behind. This test can help identify minerals with different colors in their powdered form compared to their natural form.

There are numerous salt mines around the world, with major ones located in countries such as the United States, Russia, China, and Germany. It is challenging to give an exact number as new salt mines are continually being discovered and developed.

This is a back garden approach for smallish quantities - I think the clay produced will be quite basic but mouldable

You need to have a clay rich soil / heavy clay soil. Dig down a few feet to find the better stuff. If you put the lumps of soil in a bucket with lots of water, the clay particles should go into suspension when it has all melted in.

The organic bits float on the top and the rocks and grains sink to the bottom.

Carefully pour off the clay rich water into another vessel and leave it somewhere warm / covered to evaporate the water off - It is possible to speed it up by putting somewhere warmer. When it is at the right consistency, I put it in a plastic bag and it kept moist and usable for over a year.

Ground water mining refers to the excessive extraction of groundwater beyond the rate of recharge, leading to depletion of the aquifer. This can have detrimental effects on water availability, setting the stage for water scarcity and ecosystem impacts.

TReasure Hunters

Yes, iron ore is a natural mineral that is mined from the earth. It is a source of iron, which is extracted and processed to create various iron and steel products for industrial and commercial use.

Yes, magnetic iron ore, such as magnetite, was used as a primitive compass because it has magnetic properties that align with the Earth's magnetic field. When suspended or placed on a floating object, the iron ore would align itself in the north-south direction, indicating the cardinal directions. This provided early navigators with a basic way to orient themselves.

It is difficult to provide an exact figure, but experts estimate that there are over 800 billion metric tons of iron ore reserves left in the world. Advances in technology and exploration may lead to the discovery of more reserves in the future.

Iron ore can be separated from rock through a process known as magnetic separation. This involves using magnets to attract the iron ore away from the surrounding rock material. The iron ore can then be further processed to extract the iron metal.

A long-tom is a type of sluice box used in gold mining. It separates gold particles from gravel using running water and riffles. Miners can manually shovel gravel into the long-tom and then agitate the contents to separate gold from waste material.

Pink crystals found in granite are usually orthoclase feldspar. These crystals give granite its pink to reddish color and are one of the main components of the rock.

Slate forms under high temperatures and pressure, typically around 200 to 700 degrees Celsius. These conditions cause the original clay minerals in shale to recrystallize into a low-grade metamorphic rock known as slate.

The ground temperature can vary depending on location, depth, and time of year. In general, the ground temperature tends to be cooler at deeper depths due to the insulating properties of the soil. The average ground temperature at the surface ranges from around 50 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit.

Half of the world's emeralds come from Colombia, particularly from regions such as Muzo, Chivor, and Coscuez. Colombian emeralds are known for their exceptional color and clarity, making them highly sought after in the gemstone market.

Geologists can find oil at varying depths, usually ranging from a few thousand to tens of thousands of feet below the earth's surface. The depth at which oil is found depends on the geology of the location and the specific oil reservoir being targeted. Deep offshore drilling can reach depths of over 30,000 feet to access oil reserves.

In a convection cell on Earth, heat from the underlying hot material causes it to rise towards the surface, carrying heat energy with it. As this hot material reaches the surface, it cools down and then sinks back down due to its increased density, completing the convection loop. This process of rising and sinking creates a circular motion of heat transfer known as a convection cell.

A specialist in the study of substances attained by mining is called a mineralogist. Mineralogists study the properties, composition, and structure of minerals found in the Earth's crust. They identify minerals and analyze their geological significance.

No, granite is not considered mafic. It is an igneous rock that is classified as felsic due to its high silica content and lower concentration of iron and magnesium minerals compared to mafic rocks like basalt.

The two main types of mining are surface mining and underground mining. Surface mining involves extracting minerals or resources from the Earth's surface, while underground mining involves extracting resources from beneath the Earth's surface. Surface mining is generally more cost-effective and less dangerous, but it can have a larger environmental impact compared to underground mining. Underground mining, on the other hand, can be more expensive and pose greater safety risks, but it is less disruptive to the environment.

Aquifers can form above various types of soil, but they typically form above permeable materials such as sand, gravel, or fractured rock that allows water to flow easily through them. These materials enable the underground storage and movement of water in aquifers.

types of underground mining methods

- unsuported(natural suport)mining method

-saported(artificial support)mining method

- caving method

Pumice is a volcanic rock that is light in weight due to its high porosity and low density. It is composed of highly vesicular glassy material with trapped air bubbles, formed during volcanic eruptions. Pumice may also contain crystals of various minerals such as feldspar, quartz, and biotite.

Project Sahalin-1 by Exxon Neftegas = 12,345 m on Jan 27, 2011 in field Odoptu.