Ammunition

The .357 has a longer case and a heavier bullet; it is identical to a .38 in diameter but far more powerful.

This is why a .38 will fire in a .357 but not the other way around.

5.56mm

You might possibly be able to get it to fire, but you should never try to fire any ammo from any gun other than what it's designed to fire or what the manufacturer says it will fire. It might damage the gun or hurt the shooter.

Because it is heavy (retains energy for greater distance), soft (fits itself to the barrel of the gun) and cheap.

I assume you mean calibres? Standard models avaiable new: .243 Winchester, .270 Winchester, .308 Winchester, .30-06 Springfield Old models and special runs I am aware of: 6mm .257 Roberts .25-06 .260 Remington .280 Remington 7mm-08 .35 Welen .35 Rem I may have missed some, they are easy to convert to other calibres as well.

.38 special IS the correct ammo for a gun chambered in .38 special. Trying to take a round and push it into the barrel is not the way to "test" to see if it's the correct ammo because the cartridge or bullet won't fit into the barrel that way unless you force it. If the gun is a .38 special, you buy .38 special ammo and it will work.

The maximum range of a .50 BMG catridge (there are others) - with no accuracy, is about 6,000 meters. The maximum EFFECTIVE range (skilled marksman) is about 1/3 of that. Prior answers to this question attributed a range that can only be reached by the main guns on a battleship.

The out of production S&W model 3000 is a pump action shotgun. Was made under license by Howa, in Japan. A fine firearms maker. They came in 20 gauge or 12 gauge. 2 2/4 inch and 3 inch chambers and varied barrel lengths. The Police Model is still in service with some agencies and by all accounts, a fine weapon. Similar in action and function with the venerable Remington Model 870.

Hollowpoint bullets will cycle throught both my Marlin 1894 and Rossi '92 copy, both guns are .44 Rem Mag. These guns have digested every factory JHP bullet without any problems. I also use Lyman Devastator cast hollowpoints, these will cycle fine too but sometimes hang up in the Marlin when chambering causing the mouth of the hollopoint to deform slightly, this can be resolved by loading the bullets in .44 Special cases.

Winchester Center Fire.

2m

It depends on several factors, but a good estimate is, about a mile.

Try ableammo.com or gunbroker.com

It depends. Some hold as few as 6, some hold as many as 20 (although, some can hold more with high-capacity magazines).

It depends on what caliber.

People have told
me to use 6mm ammo. You may have already known that but just saw your question and thought I would pass that along to you.

What formation are they in? How far apart are they? What are they wearing? Are they in vehicles or out in the open?

need to know mfg. of cartridge(s), bullet wt., barrel length, twist rate, or specific handload/reload components. even then, two identically made rifles will more likely than not, will have some variant(s) in velocities, even cartridge to cartidge...nothing is set in stone.

Not if you want to continue living.

It varies. The one sitting on the desk in front of me right now is about 73 degrees F. Your question is a bit vague.

22LR

Each firearm exhibits its own preferences. You will need to buy as many different brands/weights as you can afford and shoot them to find out which one your weapon prefers.

Single bullets are not sold at gun shops. Collector's will sell single examples and prices can range from less than a dollar to multiple hundreds of USD

probably

If the pistol is designed for 9mm Luger, 9mm Para, or 9x19, yes.

Depends how big the clip is. Stock clips I think hold 8. H&H clips hold 12. Not sure if the rifle itself chambers any behind the pin or not. The mag can be as big as you want it though, if you have it custom made.