Arteries

High Blood Pressure!

It is the Aorta.

It is the main artery from the left ventricle of the heart from which all other arteries branch off of.

The largest vein in the human body is the inferior vena cava, the vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body back to the heart.

When the blood supply to the heart is suddenly interrupted, the person will experience breathlessness, pain in chest, excessive sweating. These symptoms are general due to blockage of blood supply to the heart.The patient should be allowed to inhale fresh air,chest massages in known to the family. However, if the condition remains unchanged, it is advisable to call a Doctor.

If you didn't already answer your question inside of your question, it could be a heart attack. aka cardiac arrest.

Cardiac arrest is simply the complete shutoff of the arteries to the heart so that the heart is essentially stuck and cannot pump any blood toward or away from itself. So the heart stops working, or arrests itself.

Otherwise, things like infections or simply the heart having to strain itself to the point of causing pain in the chest can be caused by partially clogged arteries.

The partially clogged arteries can be caused by any number of things. Fast food is commonly known as a plaque builder which can cause clogged arteries and chest pain.

Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, and passes through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle. The blood is then pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs to become oxygenated. From the lung blood comes through pulmonary veins to the section of the heart called the left atrium. The left atrium pumps to the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps out through aorta to the rest of the body to deliver the oxygen. Once delivered, it returns to the right atrium to begin the cycle once more.

internal iliac artery

Left coronary artery

In humans, there are no bicarotid trunks like there are in cats. Both animals do receive oxygen rich blood from these arteries.

Blood vessels have thick elastic muscular walls, especially arteries, because they have to resist the pressures of having blood pumped through them, and they have to undergo vasodilation and vasoconstriction.

The infrarenal abdominal aorta is found in the part aorta below the kidneys.
Arteriosclerosis can be found in any artery wall and that wall will thickens as a result of invasion and collections of white blood cells (WBCs) and an increased number of smooth muscle cells creating a fibrofatty plaque.
The accumulation of the white blood cells is termed "fatty streaks" early on because of the appearance being similar to that of marbled steak.
These accumulations contain both living, active WBCs (producing inflammation), remnants of dead cells, and cholesterol and triglycerides.
The plaques eventually include calcium and other crystallized materials (calcification) within the layer of the oldest plaque. It sometimes becomes entirely calcified. This makes that area very stiff. Because of that stiffness, the artery doesn't 'flex' and high blood pressure is the result.

Your heart pumps out blood in spurts. The muscles in your arteries smooth out your blood flow so that by the time your blood reaches your capillaries, your blood flows smooth and at low pressure. If they did not do their job, you would have internal bleeding.

having may bends and twists....it is often used to describe the course an artery takes...having a tortuous course enables the artery to "feed" an area thoroughly with blood.

They are low in oxygen.

Walls of arteries are made up of different cells, muscle, and connective tissue and is very thick. The walls have to be thick because the pressure from the blood is so great that without the thickness, the walls would easily rupture, which would be fatal.

High Blood Pressure!

Yes! It is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus), it is located close to the heart, where large (conducting) arteries don't have smooth muscles like medium-sized (distributing) arteries have.

Blood supply to the brain is derived from branches of the carotid arteries. The anterior and middle portions are supplied predominantly by Anterior cerebral artery and Middle cerebral artery. Both are branches of the Internal carotid artery.

Fat (cholesterol). Atherosclerosis, or stiffening of the arteries, can cause build-up of fat inside the blood vessel walls, and the fat can become inflamed and calcified. This is called a calcified plaque. If the plaque gets vulnerable, the top of the plaque may rupture and the inside fat comes in contact with the circulating blood. This causes an immediate blood clot. If the plaque is in the coronary arteries, and if the blood clot blocks the coronary arteries, the result is a heart attack.

There are actually more than one portion of the aorta that is in the abdominopelvic cavity. The left ventricle and thoracic aorta of the heart lead to the abdominal aorta which begins at the diaphragm. The abdominal aorta first branches into the inferior phrenic and celiac arteries, superior mesenteric and middle suprarenal arteries, renal and gonadal arteries, lumbar artery, inferior mesenteric artery, and the median sacral and common iliac arteries. From there, the artery splits to form the two common iliac arteries that carry blood to the legs.

Connective Tissue

Once the blood supply is minimized or cut off to the kidney, tissue death soon results, ultimately leading to chronic kidney failure (end-stage renal disease).

The right and left coronary arteries enter the top of the heart from the aorta.

one cell