Challenger and Columbia Disasters

The space shuttle Challenger exploded on January 28, 1986, which was a Tuesday.

The Space Shuttle Challenger was launched as part of NASA's STS-51-L mission to deploy a communication satellite. However, the launch resulted in a tragic disaster as the shuttle exploded 73 seconds after liftoff on January 28, 1986, due to O-ring failure in one of the solid rocket boosters. This led to the loss of all seven crew members onboard.

There are many dates in history that should be remembered. The Columbia Space Shuttle Disaster happened on February 1, 2003.

The Space Shuttle Challenger explosion on January 28, 1986 was caused by the failure of an O-ring seal in one of the solid rocket boosters, which allowed hot gases to escape and ignite the external fuel tank. This led to the disintegration of the shuttle. The O-ring failure was attributed to the cold weather on the day of launch, which compromised the seal's flexibility and effectiveness.

The ground level temperature was 36 F. 15 F colder than any other launches. After 0.68 seconds, black smoke was coming from the AFT joint of the right rocket booster. Then seventy-two seconds after launch a chain of events caused the shuttle to explode. First, the lower strut connecting the right rocket booster to the external tank was extremely hot and weak. Second, the force that was on the strut made it break away from the right rocket booster and the external tank. Third, since the strut broke away from the right rocket booster, this allowed the right rocket booster to spin freely. With the right booster spinning freely, the bottom was burning, hitting, and denting the challengers' wing. The inside of the external tank had ruptured and was letting out liquid hydrogen. The top of the rocket was hitting the top of the external tank and also broke the oxygen tank. The vapor that these two chemicals made it very dangerous. The vapor is what made the main explosion. This explosion is what killed all six astronauts plus the one civilian.

The space shuttle Challenger exploded on January 28, 1986, due to the failure of an O-ring seal in one of the solid rocket boosters. The cold weather on the day of the launch compromised the O-ring's elasticity, leading to hot gas escaping and ultimately causing the catastrophic failure of the shuttle's external fuel tank.

Space spacecrafts work by using rockets to propel them through the vacuum of space. They carry fuel to power the rockets and can adjust their trajectory using thrusters. Once in space, they rely on the laws of physics to continue moving in a straight line unless acted upon by another force.

The cold weather caused two of the O-rings in the right solid rocket booster to not seal properly, so hot gases escaped but left behind some aluminium that is in rocket fuel to cover up the hole. At 50 something seconds after liftoff there is a very strong wind that pushes it back and forth (that is also why the smoke cloud left behind is in a zig-zag), dislodging the aluminium and causing a fire, the fire then burned the connector between the rocket boosters and the fuel tank, dislodging the rocket booster. The booster then got hit by wind and made the booster hit into the fuel tank causing it to explode.

The space shuttle Challenger exploded on January 28, 1986, shortly after liftoff.

Stacks are commonly used in real-time applications such as backtracking algorithms, function call management in programming, and managing undo operations for applications like text editors or design software. They are also used in web browsers to manage history navigation and in expression evaluation in programming languages.

On the space shuttle Challenger, teacher Christa McAuliffe, and Judith Resnik died in January 1986. In February 2003, Lauren B. Clark and Kalpana Chawla were killed during re-entry of the shuttle Columbia.

Mir was launched in 1986, and remained in orbit until March 2001 when it burned up in the earth's atmosphere after it was intentionally de-orbited when its orbit became too low.

With the advent and improvement of the technology systems, space travel and exploration have become more safe and apt. The data processing and transmission from space is more accurate now and it has better equipped man in his search of the unknown in the space.

The canadarm is made for fixing stuff, like satellites or send them into their proper orbit . It is also used for building other spaces structures in space and to reach out to from the spacecraft to send out and bring back payloads, such as satellites.

During re-entry, the Columbia space shuttle was pulled apart because a hole in the wing caused by falling foam at lift-off allowed the extreme heat of the re-entry process to enter the wing structure and warp it. This destabilized the shuttle and it disintegrated from the enormous forces at high velocity. All seven crew members died.

Approximately 85,000 pieces of debris were housed in the Columbia Debris Hangar near the Shuttle Landing Facility at Kennedy Space Center. This represented 38 percent of Columbia. Recovered pieces were identified and positioned on an outline of the orbiter. After this, pieces were available to scientific researchers around the world.

No, a space station is a large artificial structure in space where astronauts live and work for extended periods of time, while a space shuttle is a spacecraft that is used to transport astronauts and cargo to and from space. Space shuttles have been retired by NASA, while space stations like the ISS are still operational.

Foam fell from the external tank during the launch. The foam struck the shuttles wing on the leading edge and punched a suitcase sized hole in it. During the reentry, hot plasma rushed into the hole and began to melt the structure of the shuttle from the inside out. This made the shuttle eventually go out of control and it broke apart in the atmosphere.

Scientific ocean exploration began in the 19th century, which used wooden sailing ships. The HMS Challenger was originally a British warship outfitted with ammunition and an engine capable of over 1,200 horsepower. Lets start with the HMS. H stands for His/Her, M stands for Majesty's, and S stands for Ship.

{{HMS(His/Her Majesty's Ship)}}

Earlier in this answer I mentioned that the challenger was originally a warship. I searched the encyclopedia for the part about 'challenger', it was named challenger because it challenged to go explore, research, or (in the case of war) challenge it's opponents. The 'll' because it was the second challenger ship.

Citations:

www.marianatrench.com

http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/03mountains/background/challenger/challenger.html

My all knowing dad:)

The crew members on board the space shuttle Challenger when it exploded on January 28, 1986, were Francis R. Scobee, Michael J. Smith, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Judith Resnik, Gregory Jarvis, and Christa McAuliffe.

The Challenger explosion was caused by the failure of a rubber O-ring seal in one of the solid rocket boosters, which allowed hot gases to escape and ultimately led to the structural failure of the external fuel tank and the explosion of the shuttle. This failure was attributed to the unusually cold temperatures at the time of launch, which affected the flexibility and sealing of the O-rings.

The space shuttle Challenger blew up apon leaving the launch pad because of a frozen o-ring, and the space shuttle Columbia blew up upon rentry because of a broken heat-shield.

Pieces of the space shuttle Columbia were found across eastern Texas and Louisiana after it disintegrated during re-entry on February 1, 2003. The largest concentration of debris was found in Nacogdoches, Texas, where recovery efforts were focused.