Electronics Engineering

I don’t know

Designing of a mod 6 counter containing several steps .

1st step is tabulating the present state - next state table

In up counter from 000 to 111.

so the we write excitation table for JK flip flop.

Then we find equations for each J & K using K- map.

so the first step is P-S table

Q2 Q1 Q0 Q2 Q1 Q0 J2

The complete details of working of an EPABX will be too much complicated to be explained here. But I will try to explain atleast the basic fundamentals. The EPABX is an acronym of Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange. An EPABX has three main components (1) the analog system and analog to digital converter which is basically the various line cards and (2) the cross connection matrix which connects one call to another and (3) the control of the whole EPABX.

The EPABX stand for Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange. which means it is an electronic exchange which is privately owned and automatic. It is also known as PBX and PABX.

The first part (1) deals with the analog system i.e. your voice coming on two wires and the associated signalling. It converts the signalling as well the voice into digital and handovers to the matrix. The matrix checks for which port (the no. you dial is just a port of it) is the call meant for and digitally connects the respective port to the calling port. The call is established and held as long as you keep the receiver off hook. The third part maintains the normal functioning of the EPABX including power supply, configuration, troubleshooting and generation of various reports.

This is all about EPABX in brief. Hope you got some idea.

Id try www.scribd.com

In the name of Allah,the most Gracious,the most Merciful...

The Oscilloscope has several advantages over a voltmeter, for example if you want to determine a signal parameters [ voltage values (max,peak-to-peak,rms,average...etc),frequency,offset...etc ] using measurement tools:

1- You can use the Oscilloscope whatever the signal frequency is, but you can't use the Avometer unless the signal frequency is 50 to 60 Hz.

2- The Oscilloscope shows you the shape (form) of the signal, while the Avometer doesn't.

3- You can determine the maximum value of the signal (max voltage) and peak-to-peak voltage when you observe the signal on an Oscilloscope,hence you can calculate the rms (root mean square) value, i.e. the effective value , the average value and the offset of signal form the time axis (the horizontal axis).

While an Avometer can only give you the rms value.

very rough:

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Crosstalk is an undesired coupling from one circuit or medium to another. In amateur tradio, crosstalk is defined as any phenomenon by which a signal transmitted on one frequency creates an undesired effect on another frequency. Check Wikipedia for a neat answer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crosstalk

A: The reason is because as moving person you liable to generate kilo volts of static that when touching a circuit can and will destroy parts or worst unseen damage. The strap insure that no static can built because you are grounded to cause this kind of damage. In the industry it is mandatory if NASA has a project in the works. Get caught without it you are fired......

answer is actually voltage

The reverse breakdown voltage of the 1N4007 diode is 1000 volts.

If one side of a single crystal of pure semiconductor (Ge or Si) is doped with acceptor impurity atoms and the other side is doped with donor atoms, a PN junction is formed. P region has a high concentration of positive holes and N region contains a large number of electrons.
There are framed by joining n-sort and p-sort semiconductor materials, as demonstrated as follows. Since the n-sort area has a high electron fixation and the p-sort a high opening focus, electrons diffuse from the n-sort side to the p-sort side. Essentially, gaps stream by dissemination from the p-sort side to the n-sort side. In the event that the electrons and openings were not charged, this dissemination procedure would proceed until the grouping of electrons and gaps on the two sides were the same, as happens if two gasses come into contact with one another. Notwithstanding, in a p-n intersection, when the electrons and openings move to the opposite side of the intersection, they abandon uncovered charges on dopant molecule locales, which are settled in the gem grid and are not able to move. On the n-sort side, positive particle centers are uncovered. On the p-sort side, negative particle centers are uncovered. An electric field Ê structures between the positive particle centers in the n-sort material and negative particle centers in the p-sort material. This district is known as the "consumption locale" since the electric field rapidly scopes free bearers out, subsequently the area is drained of free transporters.

The software that runs first on the computer, bringing it up from an unknown state by a series of initialization steps and installing basic I/O drivers needed to begin loading the other software that will run the computer and perform the tasks the users needs to do.

On most modern computers the bootstrap software is stored in a Flash EEPROM (this can be rewritten with updated versions if necessary to fix bugs) so that it is always available when the computer is turned on. However on early computers the bootstrap program often had to be manually entered by the operator on a bank of switches, read in from punched cards or punched tape, read from a selected magnetic tape unit, etc. This could be a very tedious process.

On most modern computers the bootstrap program loads an operating system, which then takes control of the computer and interacts with the user - loading and running other programs as he requests them. However on early computers there was no operating system and the operator had to run the bootstrap program for each and every program he wanted to run.

Power is inversely proportional to resistance.

Ohm's law: Current is voltage divided by resistance

Power law: Power is voltage times current, therefore power is voltage squared divided by resistance.

The embedded system is a computing system that interacts with the physical world. The challenges that it faces at present are on how to build on top of a non-deterministic system and how to build on top of a non-continuous system.

If diodes are not istalled in the right direction and an electrrical current applied the diodes may burn out

Counters are a way of measuring amounts. Counters are used to physically show 'how much' especially when teaching children basic math.

Using a resistor color code chart below, you will find that the resistance is calculated this way:

Resistance = (1st Digit x 10 + 2nd Digit) x Multiplier

Hold the resistor with the gold or silver band to the right and read the resistor from the left to the right.

So, in this case, the resistor is: RED RED YELLOW GOLD

Using the formula and resistor color chart found in the link below, the resistance would be:

R = 1st Digit x 10 + 2nd Digit) x Multiplier

R = (RED x 10 + RED) x YELLOW

R = (2 x 10 + 2) x 10,000

R = 22 x 10,000

R = 220,000 ohm (220 K ohms)

Since the final band is gold, the tolerance is 5%

Any circuit that converts binary information into machine readiable form is called sequential circuit

At high frequency, capacitor can be considered as

1. Short Circuit in AC analysis.

2. Open Circuit in DC analysis.

{because Xc= 1/(2*f*pi) where f= supply frequency,pi=3.14}

As at high frequencies, in DC analysis, capacitor will be open circuited & can block the DC signal while AC signal is allowed to pass through.. Hence, this capacitor will act as a blocking capacitor for DC supply.