Electronics Engineering

The effect the multimeter might have on the circuit when inserted to measure the current is to increase the circuit resistance and decrease the available voltage to the circuit. This is because the multimeter in amps or milliamps mode does have a small resistance which is not zero, so by Ohm's law, there is a voltage drop across the multimeter; small, but not zero.

Usually this effect is small. One way to compensate is to start by measuring voltage, and then inserting a separate ammeter and adjusting the power supply to match the original voltage. Of course, the voltmeter must be downstream of the ammeter.

The answer is Force, Distance, and Time.

all passive elements which absorb energy from active elements can control the flow of electrons

Gathers what? what is "them"?

Im going to assume you mean print documents in paper form.

The basic process is to scan the document and then use OCR (optical character recognition) software to convert the scanned image to an electronic document.

Depending on the scale of the project, there is hardware that can process thousands of documents as fast as you can feed it to the machine. In most cases the conversion process is imperfect because software cannot recognize bad or illegible writing as well as humans can. This is the reason that 'data entry' jobs are so readily available.

A transducer.

An Ohm is a measurement of resistance.

In a normal AGC, even the unwanted signals gets amplified, But u dont want that to happen, so until the Input Signal strength reaches a threshold, the AGC feedback signal is not applied to the amplifier biasing circuit..

Each Ethernet frame contains a trailer with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the frame contents. After reception of a frame, the receiving node creates a CRC from the bits in the frame to compare to the CRC value in the frame trailer. If these two CRC calculations match, the frame can be trusted as being received without error. The trusted frame will then be processed. A frame received with bad, nonmatching CRC's will be discarded.

A: There is no difference except for a zener its breakdown is known and predictable. Avalanche breakdown is not predictable and usually happens at hi voltage and because of it if the current is not limited it self destroy the device

Zener diode is not a linear device... it is non-linear one.

Since linear devices are those devices which have linear characteristics(V-I CHAR.), or follows the Ohm's law i.e. voltage is directly proportional to current.

but in case of Zener diode ohm's law fails down. the V-I char. in both forward biased & reverse biased condition is non-linear. So. Zener diode is non-linear device

420 micro farad=1 kvar

PNP is sourcing. NPN is sinking. You generally connect NPN to ground and your PLC(or any load)input. With PNP you connect to V+ and to your PLC. Your PLC (load) should have the same ground or V+. Sourcing (PNP) provides a path to +24DC generally. Sinking (NPN) provides a path to 0V DC.

the dc current gain of BC107 can vary from 110 to 450

flashlights, lamps, street lights

A: first you must define the frequency of transmission. wave lenght is time from that you can calculate them total time

A: Any amplifier will reach a frequency cut off point because of hindered circuit capability however the roll of bust be controlled especially when reaching oDB point must be at a -3 db roll off to prevent hi frequency oscillation

An inductor resists a change in current. The equation is ...

di/dt = V/L

... where di/dt is the rate of change of current in amperes per second, V is the EMF is volts, and L is the inductance in henrys.

Looking at this, you can see that the slope of the current is proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the inductance.

One characteristic of inductors is that when you have a current established, and then break the circuit, the inductor will respond by trying to maintain the current. If this is not possible, such as when the circuit is open, the inductor will generate a large reverse EMF - in the theoretical case, an infinite EMF - in the practical case, several thousand volts, depending on the inductor. This is why proper design of inductors in DC circuits, such as relays and solenoids, must include reverse EMF suppression, such as a diode or resistor across the inductor.

A: Absolutely a power transfer will have an internal loss of IR . for a power transformer the loss can be as much of 20% or more if other magnetics are involved like iron screw holding the lamination together. Usually brass is used to reduce that loss.

A: As current begins to flow the action on a resistance will be a voltage drop which is inversely proportional to the current. Making it a voltage amplifier as opposed to a tube where it is a current amplifier

Voltage is energy per charge, actually joules per coulomb, so think of voltage as electromotive force that pushes charge around. In fact, another name for voltage is electromotive force. Voltage is manifest as a differential energy between two points, where the energy "wants" to go from the higher energy point to the lower energy point. That is how voltage causes current.

Current is charge flow, actually coulombs per second, which is the same as the ampere.

Ohm's Law defines a unit of resistance called an ohm which is the resistance that one volt will require to push one ampere through. If you do dimensional analysis on the ohm, given the the ohm is the volt divided by the ampere, you discover that the ohm is actually a joule-second per coulomb squared - much easier to just call it an ohm.

Pushing coulombs from one energy level to another involves work. Multiply voltage by current, and you get watts, or joules per second.

Take some time to study this and understand it, and you are well on your way to a basic understanding of electricity 101. I know I answered more than was asked, but some of it was necessary in order to explain things, and the rest was just for the sake of completeness.

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Bcoz the emf which is to be measured is less than emf of driving cell....

Start with the load of 0.2 watts. The power rule says that watts equals volts times amps, or amps equals watts divided by volts, so 0.2 watts at 120 volts means 0.00167 amps.

Now, look at Kirchoff's current law, which implies that the current in a series circuit is the same at all points. This means that the current in the resistor is also 0.00167 amps.

Now, look at Kirchoff's voltage law, which implies that the sum of the voltage drops in a series circuit adds up to the voltage source. This means that the voltage across the resistor is 157 volts.

Last, look at Ohm's law, which says that resistance is voltage divided by current. 157 volts divided by 0.00167 amps is 94,200 ohms. The nearest standard 5% value to that is 91,000 Ohms.

Before leaving, though, check the power in the resistor. It is 157 volts times 0.00167 amps, or 0.26 watts, so you need at least a half watt resistor.

ssb modulation scheme

Generators transform energy into electrical energy. The output of the generator is the electric power it "makes". The input is whatever is used to create mechanical energy to turn the "prime mover", or the thing that makes the generator spin (be it steam / thermal energy, water, wind, etc.).