Evolution

Miller and Urey observed the abiotic synthesis of organic molecules, such as amino acids, by creating a laboratory simulation of early Earth's atmosphere and conditions. Their experiment demonstrated that simple organic compounds could be formed from inorganic precursors in a prebiotic environment.

The four principles of natural selection are variation, inheritance, selection, and time. An example not used in the section could be antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Bacteria that possess genetic variations allowing them to survive exposure to antibiotics will be more likely to reproduce and pass on those resistant traits to their offspring, leading to the evolution of a resistant bacterial population over time.

The process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms is called evolution. This process involves changes in the genetic makeup of populations over successive generations, leading to the diversity of life forms we see today.

When the dinosaurs went extinct the mammals that were living alongside the dinosaurs underwent massive adaptive radiation. Large extinction events can give rise to niche openings for species that go through the extinction event.

Look to the rain forest of Brazil. Agriculture and ranching are very much disturbing the natural order. This is not to make any value judgment on this one way or the other. Just the fact of disturbance is well observed.

Linnaeus developed the system of binomial nomenclature (the two-part Latin naming system) that is still used today to classify and identify organisms. Although he did not directly contribute to the theory of evolution, his work laid the foundation for the classification of organisms, which was later used by scientists like Charles Darwin to develop the theory of evolution.

No, evolution, the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms, is fact, The theory of evolution by natural selection, which explains much about evolution, is well supported by myriad lines of converging evidence, is internally consistent, explains the natural phenomenon it should and makes testable predictions. All science.

On the other hand, creationism and intelligent design are both pseudoscience.

Go here for the truth,

talkorigins.org

Described by the definition for evolution. Evolution is the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms.

Many biologists, myself included, do not like the terms micro and macro evolution. The prefered terms many of us use are;

evolution ( instead of microevolution )

speciation ( instead of macroevolution )

The "struggle to survive", "survival of the fittest" and "natural selection" are all phrases to indicate the main guiding mechanism of evolution: differential reproductive success.

Darwin applied Malthus's idea of population growth outstripping resources to the theory of evolution by natural selection by suggesting that in nature, there is a struggle for existence due to limited resources. Organisms with advantageous traits that help them survive and reproduce in this competitive environment are more likely to pass on their genes to future generations, leading to the gradual adaptation and evolution of species over time.

Organisms need to evolve in order to adapt to changes in their environment and improve their chances of survival and reproduction. Evolution allows organisms to develop beneficial traits that help them better compete with other species and overcome challenges in their surroundings. It is a natural process that enables species to gradually change over time in response to evolving conditions.

DNA sequences or genetic content. By comparing the genetic material of different species, scientists can determine how closely related they are to each other and their evolutionary history. This allows for the placement of distantly related species on the same phylogenetic tree based on genetic similarities rather than anatomical features.

This process is called evolution. It occurs through mechanisms such as natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow, leading to changes in the genetic composition of a population over time. These changes can accumulate to the point where new species with distinct characteristics arise.

Darwin's theory of evolution is the theory that modern lifeforms have a common ancestry, and that they evolved from their ancestral forms through the mechanisms of reproductive variation and differential reproductive success.

While all the scientific data so far supports evolutionary theory as an accurate model, at least in its fundamental theses, and while most all of the world's scientists accept evolutionary theory as fundamentally accurate, many people still object to it based on religious grounds.

In the end, everybody will make their own determination.

Most religions have holy books that have different viewpoints and these have accounts which are different from each other. Something to keep in mind.

All evidence would seem to support evolutionary theory, while there is no testable model - and therefore no evidence - for the accuracy of the notion of creation.

The individuals in a population that are best adapted to their environment and possess advantageous traits that increase their chances of survival and reproduction are the most likely to thrive and pass on these traits to their offspring. This process is known as natural selection.

The evolution of the Kaibab squirrel was likely influenced by geographical isolation, specifically caused by the formation of the Grand Canyon. This isolation led to a unique gene pool and adaptations in the Kaibab squirrel population, contributing to their distinct physical characteristics and behaviors.

Some people may not believe Charles Darwin's theory of evolution due to personal or religious beliefs that conflict with the idea of natural selection and common ancestry. Some individuals may also have misconceptions or misunderstandings about the scientific evidence supporting evolution.

Human evolution began millions of years ago with our common ancestors, who lived in Africa. Over time, different species of hominins emerged and evolved, eventually leading to the development of modern humans, Homo sapiens. Key events in human evolution include bipedalism, tool use, increased brain size, and social behavior.

Evolution is not concerned with the creation of the earth. It explains how modern species developed from more primitive species of the past.

Cosmology explains how the earth was formed. At some stage, a supernova star exploded in the neighbourhood of our sun - within a few million light years from here. Supernovas are formed as giant stars die and are not entirely uncommon. And giant stars, because of their far greater mass, are able to convert their hydrogen into heavy elements before finally dying. Conversion of hydrogen into heavy elements is also well known to nuclear physicists. So, our supernova exploded and sent an enormous amount of heavy elements out into empty space. A very small part of this was captured in orbit around our sun, where it eventually concentrated into the various planets and other bodies that orbit the sun. One of these was, of course, the earth.

This pattern fits the model of punctuated equilibrium in evolution. It suggests that species experience periods of little to no change followed by rapid bursts of evolutionary change that result in new species formation. This is in contrast to gradualism, which posits a slow and constant rate of evolution over time.

Genetic drift is the spread of specific random variations throughout the gene pool in the absence of specific selection pressures. There's always random variation in the population, but there aren't always changes in the environment for the population to adapt to. So natural selection, in stead of moving the population towards adaptation, might select from that random variation to move 'sideways', as it were, to a state that's equally well-adapted to the environment as what came before, but different. As random variation may produce many variants that are, more or less, equally well-adapted to their environment, the direction of evolution that results is more or less random.

The smallest biological unit that can evolve over time is an individual organism, typically a unicellular organism like bacteria or archaea. These organisms can undergo genetic mutations and natural selection, leading to the evolution of their populations over generations.

Examples of evolutionary adaptation include the development of camouflage to avoid predators, the evolution of a protective exoskeleton in insects, the elongation of giraffe necks to reach high leaves, and the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

No theory has proof "above" any other; either it has enough supporting evidence to be valid or it doesn't. They are all suported by individual evidence (sometimes actually sharing it), and each theory also supports the overarching theory of evolution.

However, the proof for undirected mutation is simply the existence of mutations. They have no 'direction' - taken to mean either a direct cause or a purpose - so the fact they are there is enough proof. Incremental change is supported by the fact we can see it in both simple studies from a lab and real world situations; for example, the required amount of certain known and widespread antibiotics to kill a given sample of microbes has increased by large amount since their discovery in the 20th century. Fossil records contain a large number of species who changed over time and the changes can be quite clearly seen when compared.