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Metalloids
Metalloids are a elements that are somewhere between a metal and nonmetal. They can be used to form alloys, and they have a metallic appearance. They also have nonmetal properties such a being brittle.
321 Questions
Which contains the most elements metals transition metals or metalloids?
Im pretty sure that there are more transition metals than metals or metalloids
Logically, though, it is impossible for there to be more transition metals than metals!
The latest IUPAC periodic table recognises 114 elements. Borders are a little blurred but there are about 18 non-metals, about 6 metalloids, and about 90 metals.
Of the ~90 metals, 38 are transition metals, 30 are lanthanoids and actinoids, and the remaining ~22 are "main group" metals.
On this basis of classification, transition metals are the largest single group
What are the two metalloids in the nitrogen family?
The two metalloids in the nitrogen family are arsenic and antimony.
Metalloids generally do not form cations as readily as metals do due to their intermediate properties between metals and nonmetals. However, under certain conditions, metalloids like boron and silicon can form cations by losing electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Do all metals and metalloids have luster?
No, not all metals and metalloids have luster. Luster is a property of metals that allows them to reflect light, giving them a shiny appearance. Some metals and metalloids may lack luster due to factors such as surface oxidation or impurities.
Under what conditions will metalloids conduct heat and electricity?
Metalloids can conduct heat and electricity under conditions where they have partially filled valence electrons. This allows them to exhibit some metallic properties. However, metalloids are not as efficient conductors as metals nor as insulators as nonmetals.
What property makes certain metalloids useful as switches to turn small electric current on and off?
Metalloids like silicon and germanium have semiconducting properties, which allow them to change their conductivity with small variations in temperature or applied voltage. This property makes them useful as switches in electronic devices to control the flow of small electric currents by turning them on and off.
Is mercury a metal or metalloid?
Symbol: Hg
Atomic Weight: 200.59
Discovery: Known to the ancient Hindus and Chinese. Mercury has been found in Egyptian tombs dating to 1500 B.C.
Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Word Origin: from the Planet Mercury; Hg is the symbol for Hydrargyrum, which means liquid silver
Properties: Mercury has a melting point of -38.842°C, boiling point of 356.58°C, specific gravity of 13.546 (20°C), and a valence of 1 or 2. Mercury is one of the few elements that is liquid at ordinary room temperatures. Mercury is a heavy, silvery-white metal. It is a relatively poor conductor of heat, but a fair conductor of electricity. Mercury readily forms alloys with other metals, called amalgams. An electrical discharge will cause mercury to combine with the noble gases argon, krypton, neon, and xenon. Mercury and its compounds are highly poisonous. Mercury is readily absorbed across unbroken skin or though the respiratory or gatroinstentinal tract. It acts as a cumulative poison. Mercury is very volatile in air. When room temperature air (20°C) is saturated with mercury vapor, the concentration greatly exceeds the toxic limit. The concentration, and thus the danger, increases at higher temperatures.
Uses: Mercury is amalgamated with gold to facilitate the recovery of gold from its ores. Mercury is used to make thermometers, diffusion pumps, barometers, mercury vapor lamps, mercury switches, pesticides, batteries, dental preparations, antifouling paints, pigments, and catalysts. Many of the salts and organic mercury compounds are important.
Sources: Mercury rarely occurs free in nature. It's chief ore is cinnabar, HgS. Mercury is obtained from cinnabar by heating the cinnabar in air and condensing the vapor.
Element Classification: Transition Metal
Density (g/cc): 13.546 (@ +20°C)
Melting Point (K): 234.28
Boiling Point (K): 629.73
Appearance: heavy, silvery-white metal that is liquid at room temperature
Atomic Radius (pm): 157
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 14.8
Covalent Radius (pm): 149
Ionic Radius: 110 (+2e) 127 (+1e)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.138
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 2.295
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 58.5
Debye Temperature (K): 100.00
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.00
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 1006.0
Oxidation States: 2, 1
Lattice Structure: Rhombohedral
Lattice Constant (Å): 2.990
References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry & Physics (18th Ed.)
Does metalloids have properties of both metals and inner transition metals?
Metalloids are unlike the inner transtion metals and all other metals. They are giant molecules whose bonding could be described as covalent. However consider silicon - perhaps the most widey used metalloid- it has a structure like diamond with tetrahedral bonds- but it is a semiconductor- this is because in molecular orbital terms the antibonding orbitals are sufficiently close to the energy of the bonding orbitals (band gap -using the nomenclature of band theory) for thermal excitation into the antibonding orbitals to take place.This is an oversimplification.
No, metalloids are not all man-made. Metalloids are a group of elements on the periodic table that have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Some metalloids, like boron and silicon, are naturally occurring elements.
Are metalloids the best conductors of heat and electricity?
No, metalloids are not the best conductors of heat and electricity. Metals are generally better conductors of heat and electricity compared to metalloids. Metalloids have properties that are intermediate between metals and nonmetals.
What are the general and characteristics of metals and non metals and metalloids?
Metals:
Shiny 'metallic' appearance
Solids at room temperature (except mercury)
High melting points
High densities
Large atomic radii
Non Metals:
High ionization energies
High electronegativities
Poor thermal conductors
Poor electrical conductors
Brittle solids
Little or no metallic luster
Gain electrons easily
Metalloids:
Electronegativities between those of metals and nonmetals
Ionization energies between those of metals and nonmetals
Possess some characteristics of metals/some of nonmetals
Reactivity depends on properties of other elements in reaction
Often make good semiconductors
What are metalloids on the periodic table?
Metalloids are elements found along the staircase on the periodic table between metals and nonmetals. They exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals, such as conducting electricity but not as well as metals. Some common metalloids include boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium.
Is metalloids solid at room temperature?
Yes, most metalloids are solid at room temperature. Examples include silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium. These elements exhibit properties that are intermediate between metals and nonmetals.
Which is a metalloid Si Na or Cl?
Silicon (Si) is a metalloid. Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are not metalloids.
Do metalloids react with acid?
Metalloids as a group have varying reactions with acids depending on the specific metalloid and acid involved. For example, silicon does not react with dilute acids, while boron can react with strong acids to form different compounds. Overall, metalloids can show acidic or amphoteric behavior, meaning they may react differently depending on the specific conditions.
What are similarities of metals metalloids and nonmetals?
Metals, metalloids, and nonmetals are all types of elements found on the periodic table. They each have unique physical and chemical properties that distinguish them from one another. All three types play important roles in the structure and behavior of matter.
Tellurium is a metalloid, or a semi metal. This can be considered a metal or a non-metal as its properties put it in the metalloid category of the Periodic Table.
Is gatorade a metal nonmetal or a metalloid?
As a physical mixture Gatorade would not be up for consideration to classify as any of these. We normally only classify ELEMENTS as metals, metalloids, and non-metals. It is mostly composed of water - which is composed of the non-metals hydrogen and oxygen, sugars - the molecules of which are made up of the non-metals hydrogen, oxygen and carbon (although carbon is occasionally classified as metalloid), and some salts of sodium and potassium - both metals, but bonded with chlorine, a non-metal, in the salts.
That section of the periodic table is called the "main group elements" or "representative elements." It consists of Groups 1, 2, and 13-18, also known as the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, boron group, carbon group, pnictogens, chalcogens, and the noble gases. These groups include metals, metalloids, and nonmetals with varying chemical properties.
What is a list of the properties of metalloids?
Metalloids are elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals. Some properties include semiconducting behavior, intermediate conductivity, and brittle solid state at room temperature. They are located along the staircase on the periodic table.
What are the most common metalloids?
The most common metalloids are silicon, germanium, and arsenic. These elements exhibit properties of both metals and non-metals, making them important in various technological applications.
C. Metals
What are the properties of metals nonmetals and metalloids?
The transition metals take much longer to oxidize (such as iron, copper, zinc, nickel). Others, like palladium, platinum and gold, do not react with the atmosphere at all. Some metals form a barrier layer of oxide on their surface which cannot be penetrated by further oxygen molecules and thus retain their shiny appearance and good conductivity for many decades (like aluminium, some steels, and titanium). The oxides of metals are basic (as opposed to those of nonmetals, which are acidic), although this may be considered a rule of thumb, rather than a fact.
Painting, anodising or plating metals are good ways to prevent their corrosion. However, a more reactive metal in the electrochemical series must be chosen for coating, especially when chipping of the coating is expected. Water and the two metals form an electrochemical cell, and if the coating is less reactive than the coatee, the coating actually promotes corrosion.
Physical Properties of MetalsTraditionally, metals have certain characteristic physical properties: they are usually shiny (they have metallic luster), have a high density, are ductile and malleable, usually have a high melting point, are usually hard, are usually a solid at room temperature and conduct electricity, heat and sound well. While there are several metals that are low density, soft, and have low melting points, these (the alkali and alkaline earth metals) are extremely reactive, and are rarely encountered in their elemental, metallic form.The electrical and thermal conductivity of metals originate from the fact that in the metallic bond the outer electrons of the metal atoms form a gas of nearly free electrons, moving as an electron gas in a background of positive charge formed by the ion cores. Good mathematical predictions for electrical conductivity, as well as the electrons' contribution to the heat capacity and heat conductivity of metals can be calculated from the free electron model, which does not take the detailed structure of the ion lattice into account.
When considering the exact band structure and binding energy of a metal, it is necessary to take into account the positive potential caused by the specific arrangement of the ion cores - which is periodic in crystals. The most important consequence of the periodic potential is the formation of a small band gap at the boundary of the brillouin zone. Mathematically, the potential of the ion cores is treated in the nearly-free electron model.
Non-metalsNon-metal is a term used in chemistry when classifying the chemical elements. On the basis of their general physical and chemical properties, every element in the periodic table can be termed either a metal or a non-metal. (A few elements with intermediate properties are referred to as metalloids.) MetalloidsMetalloid is a term used in chemistry when classifying the chemical elements. On the basis of their general physical and chemical properties, nearly every element in the periodic table can be termed either a metal or a nonmetal - however a few elements with intermediate properties are referred to as metalloids. (In Greek metallon = metal and eidos = sort)There is no rigorous definition of the term, however the following properties are usually considered characteristic of metalloids:
- metalloids often form amphoteric oxides.
- metalloids often behave as semiconductors (B,Si,Ge) to semimetals (eg. Sb).
The concepts of metalloid and semiconductor should not be confused. Metalloid refers to the properties of certain elements in relation to the periodic table. Semiconductor refers to the physical properties of materials (including alloys, compounds) and there is only partial overlap between the two.
The following elements are generally considered metalloids:[1]
- Boron (B)
- Silicon (Si)
- Germanium (Ge)
- Arsenic (As)
- Antimony (Sb)
- Tellurium (Te)
- Polonium (Po)
Some allotropes of elements exhibit more pronounced metal, metalloid or non-metal behavior than others. For example, for the element carbon, its diamond allotrope is clearly non-metallic, however the graphite allotrope displays limited electric conductivity more characteristic of a metalloid. Phosphorus, tin, selenium and bismuth also have allotropes which display borderline behavior.
In the standard layout of the periodic table, metalloids occur along the diagonal line through the p block from boron to astatine. Elements to the upper right of this line display increasing nonmetallic behaviour; elements to the lower left display increasing metallic behaviour. This line is called the "stair-step" or "staircase." The poor metals are to the left and down and the nonmetals are to the right and up. In addition, the halogens are found at the right.
What is the question. Question needs rephrasing by initiating contributor
