Nobel Prize Winners

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1957 was awarded to Daniel Bovet for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles.

Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1955 for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes. He conducted pioneering work on enzymes involved in oxidation processes within cells, shedding light on how these processes are regulated and their importance in various physiological functions.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 was awarded jointly to John Franklin Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller and Frederick Chapman Robbins for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 was awarded jointly to John Franklin Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller and Frederick Chapman Robbins for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue.

Selman Abraham Waksman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1952 for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis. His work significantly advanced the field of microbiology and revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 was divided equally between Walter Rudolf Hess for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs and Antonio Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses.

Paul Hermann Muller won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1948 for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane). His work revolutionized the control of insect-borne diseases such as malaria and typhus, saving millions of lives.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 was divided, one half jointly to Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerty Theresa Cori Radnitz for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen and the other half to Bernardo Alberto Houssay for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 was divided, one half jointly to Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerty Theresa Cori Radnitz for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen and the other half to Bernardo Alberto Houssay for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 was awarded jointly to Sir Alexander Fleming, Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Howard Walter Florey for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1943 was divided equally between Henrik Carl Peter Dam for his discovery of vitamin K and Edward Adelbert Doisy for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K.

Corneille Jean François Heymans won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1938 for his discoveries regarding the role of the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration. He demonstrated how the aortic and carotid bodies sense changes in oxygen levels, leading to adjustments in breathing to maintain oxygen balance in the body.

Sir Henry Hallett Dale won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1936 for his discoveries regarding the chemical transmission of nerve impulses. He identified acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter and showed its role in the transmission of signals between nerve cells. His work laid the foundation for understanding how nerve cells communicate with each other in the body.

Thomas Hunt Morgan won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for his discoveries regarding the role of chromosomes in heredity. His work on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster demonstrated the link between specific genes and particular chromosomal locations, advancing our understanding of genetics. This research laid the foundation for the field of modern genetic research.

Otto Heinrich Warburg won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1931 for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme. His research on cellular respiration and how cells generate energy provided key insights into the metabolism of cancer cells.

Karl Landsteiner won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1930 for his discovery of the human blood groups. His research laid the foundation for the understanding of blood compatibility and transfusion reactions, leading to improved medical practices and increased survival rates in blood transfusion procedures.

Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1926 for his research on the role of parasites in cancer development. He discovered that a parasitic worm (Spiroptera carcinoma) could induce cancer in experimental animals, challenging the belief at the time that cancer was solely caused by genetic factors.

Willem Einthoven won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924 for his invention of the string galvanometer and his development of the electrocardiogram (ECG). His work on recording the electrical activity of the heart revolutionized the field of cardiology and laid the foundation for modern electrocardiography.

Frederick Grant Banting won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923 for the discovery of insulin. Banting and his team demonstrated that insulin could be used to successfully treat diabetes, saving the lives of countless individuals with the condition. This breakthrough has had a profound impact on the field of medicine and has been considered one of the most significant medical discoveries of the 20th century.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922 was divided equally between Archibald Vivian Hill for his discovery relating to the production of heat in the muscle and Otto Fritz Meyerhof for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle.

Schack August Steenberg Krogh won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1920 for his discovery of the mechanism of regulation of capillaries in skeletal muscle. He demonstrated how blood flow is regulated in these vessels during muscle activity, known as the "Krogh Principle."

Charles Robert Richet won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1913 for his discovery of anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction in a sensitized individual. His work helped to advance our understanding of how the immune system responds to foreign substances and provided valuable insights into the field of immunology.

Alexis Carrel won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for his pioneering work on vascular suturing techniques and organ transplantation. His research significantly advanced surgical techniques and laid the foundation for modern organ transplantation methods.

Paul Ehrlich won the Nobel Prize in 1908 for his work on immunology. He discovered the first effective treatment for syphilis, called Salvarsan, and developed the concept of an immune response involving antibodies. His work paved the way for modern chemotherapy and influenced the field of immunology.

Santiago Ramón y Cajal won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for his work on the structure of the nervous system. He discovered that individual nerve cells are the building blocks of the nervous system, and he developed the neuron doctrine which revolutionized our understanding of brain function. His contributions laid the foundation for modern neuroscience.