Persian Empire

As part of a Greek blocking force, they helped hold the pass for three days to make the Persians try to break through by turning the bottleneck by sea. The Greek navies were waiting offshore to pounce on the Persian navy to try to eliminate it and its threat to the Greek cities. As it turned out, the Greek navies were defeated and withdrew to try again at Salamis. The land blocking force at Thermopylae, its mission now invalidated, withdrew. The Spartan contingent of 300 heavy infantry and 2,100 light infantry, together with the Thespian contingent, remained holding the pass to allow the other city contingents to escape to the walls of friendly cities before the Persian cavalry broke through and rode them down in open countryside. They were killed to a man, a noble sacrifice to save their comrades.

the mongols tolerated Persian religions but suppressed Chinese religions

Darius didn't fill the capital city with riches; he received tribute (taxes). As money did not exist, this came as produce, goods and valuables. Some of this was used to provide a high living standard for his court, some for defense of his empire, and some for local improvement in the provinces.

they adopted the customs of other cultures, which made it easier to maintain control of their vast empire.

The Greeks ware not a cohesive nation - there were hundred of independent Greek city-states in eastern Europe, Asia Minor and the Islands, almost continuously at war with each other. They bought off a group of these Greek cities onto their side, and had a large navy drawn from Phoenicia, the Asia Minor Greek cities and Egypt. This navy threatened the Greek cities with amphibious invasion so they y kept their armies at home defending their own city.

It was only after the Greeks defeated the Persian navy at Salamis, and that threat was lifted, that the cities were prepared to send out their armies the following year to unite at Plataea for the decisive land battle.

Sparta's serf population revolted and Athens sent a force to help the Spartans put it down. Then the Athenian soldiers started to sympathise with the serfs , so the Spartans sent them home. Relations froze.

When the Athenians made an empire out of the Delian League cities it had led against the persians, it became adventurous and interfered in the affairs of the cities of the Peloponnesian League which Sparta led. Sparta asked Athens to back off, an overconfident Athens persisted and war ensued.

No, it arose in the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia two and a half thousand years ago.

It remained intact covering central and western Asia, and lasted for another century until taken over by Alexander the Great.

KING CYRUS THE GREAT brought Persia onto the global scene by defeating the Medes and incorporating them into a Greater Persia.

Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Isreal, Jordan, Lebanon and many other countries control land that used to be the Persian Empire.

The Persian Empire (also known as the Achaemenid Empire) existed 550 to 330 BCE.

The Persians had been dominated by the Medes, but king Cyrus took over Media and joined their forces together which enabled him to take over the Babylonian Empire. With this even greater power, he was able to expand through Western Asia, and into Central Asia.

The peoples within the Empire continued to practice their own religions. - the Greeks, the Phoenicians, the Egyptians, etc. The upper class Persians had a cult of Zoroastrianism, but this was a small minority compared with the others.

It continued until the empire was taken over by Alexander the Great who attempted to introduce Greek culture. Later empires allowed local customs and governance, but this was disrupted by wars and takeovers by invasions and wars.

When the Ionian Greek city-states revolted against Persian rule, Eretria and Athens sent contingents to aid them. They advance to the Persian provincial capital of Sardis and burnt it, also despoiling the city's gods. Persian king Darius vowed retribution, and when the Persians captured Athens 2o years lated they returned the favour.

It's takeover by Alexander the Great.

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It provided for local internal and external security, and allowed the different peoples to retain their traditional culture and governance.

Firstly by bringing the Medes into alliance and using the combined Persian-Mede power to take over the Babylonian Empire, and then extend it to Asia Minor, North Africa, Central Asia and western India. He then began to establish a governing system, but finalising this was left to successor Darius the Great who divided the empire into 20 provinces which administered and defended the vast territory.

The Assyrians exchanged aristocracies between areas, so the new foreign rulers would not be sympathetic to the people under their control, and so not lead or tolerate revolts (that is what happened with the 10 northern tribes of Israel). Their successor the Babylonians followed the same policy (that is what happened to the aristocracy of the Judah and Benjamin). The Persians simply divided their empire into 20 provinces with Persian governors who oversaw the cities, tribes and principalities which were left under their traditional rulers.

There is no basis for this statement. The Persian Empire lasted for two hundred years before being invaded and taken over by Macedonia.

the mongols tolerated Persian religions but suppressed Chinese religions

It incorporated the highly productive and populated Fertile Crescent and Egypt, the cradle of civilisation.

it was upheld by cyrus