Persian Empire

He established 20 provinces run by governors, while he and his council oversaw their activities.

He tried to bring peace, security and prosperity, wanting to rule over a stable empire with the best standard of living and security.

It covered the Fertile Crescent and Egypt, and so had the resources on which to advance prosperity and stability.

Foodstuffs, textiles, minerals and gems, timber.

In the early stages of the Ionian Revolt of the Greek city-states in Asia Minor against Persian rule, Athens sent a contingent to help the Athenians, and when they captured the Persian provincial capital of Sardis, they burnt the city down and destroyed the statues of the Persian gods. When the Persians captured Athens 20 years ater, they destroyed the Athenian gods as a mark of retaliation.

It established peace, stability and improved prosperity within its empire.

He appointed 20 provincial governors who were responsible for maintaining internal and external security, remitting taxes and infrastructure works, but left local administration and customs.to local regional, city and tribal administrations.

He entered into Asia Minor and destroyed the Persian provincial army there at the battle of Granicus,, and executed the Greek mercenaries in Persian service to discourage Greeks joining the Persian army and providing them with the armoured infantry they desperately needed to stand up to Alexander's armoured forces.

The river and sea roads which were capable of transporting trade goods affordably. The internal roads were ineffective for trade as the draft animals pulling a one tonne cart would consume the equivalent of the contents of a cart inside 200 km. The King's road was for couriers and armies.

Tyre - to gain control of the Levant coastline to neutralise the Phoenician fleet.

Alexandria - to neutralise the Egyptian fleet.

Persepolis to eliminate the Persian capital.

Babylon - to establish as his own capital, dominating the Fertile Crescent.

Cyrus the Great allied the Persians and Medes and used the combined power to takeover the Babylonian and Assyrian Empires.

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

The Byzantine Empire was in Eastern Europe and Asia Minor. The Persian Empire stretched from Libya to Central Asia.

Persia rose to power through a combination of strategic leadership, military conquests, and effective administration. Under leaders like Cyrus the Great, Persia unified various tribes and established the Achaemenid Empire, which expanded through conquests across the Middle East and into parts of Europe and Asia. The empire's sophisticated bureaucracy, road systems, and respect for local customs and religions facilitated the integration of diverse peoples, enhancing stability and economic prosperity. This combination of military prowess and administrative efficiency allowed Persia to become one of the largest empires in ancient history.

Jonah

A MONARCHY is defined as a government ruled by an authoritarian leader whose authority is transmitted hereditarily.

His great achievement of expanding the Persian tribe into an empire covering western Asia.

the 20 states into which darius divided the Persian empire

Persia lost the battles of Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, which led to Alexander's takeover of the Persian Empire.

It was a kingdom controlled by the king and his council, with 20 provinces controlled by governors responsible to the king. Within the provinces, customart city, tribal ad principality government remained.

Cyrus the Great.

A footpath over the mountains. The Royal Road was a horse track for mounted official couriers.

His predecessors Cyrus and Cambyses extended it from Libya in the west to to central Asia. Darius made minor extensions in Thrace, Macedonia and today's Pakistan.