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Probability

The probability of a certain event is a number expressing the likelihood that a specific event will occur, expressed as the ratio of the number of actual occurrences to the number of possible occurrences. In mathematics, it is a measure of how often an event will happen and is the basis of statistics.

14,643 Questions

Why discretize continuous models?

I hope I understand your question is related to the discretization of phenomena/ processes. The reason we do it is to get answers. I will extend a bit the question - as to why we take a continuous process/ phenomena and break it down into discrete segments, blocks, cells, etc. Some continuous processes are described by differential equations, and have general solutions. But not all processes are solvable through calculus. If we can describe a process in a discrete "control volume" at a point in time, then this can be extended to model a system with a network of cells or mesh. In doing so, we are discretizing the process in both the time and spatial dimensions. From the discretize system, time and spatial-variant responses of the system of key components of the system can be obtained through numerical methods. This is done in many of the scientific/ engineering fields, including hydrology, ecology, petroleum reservoir simulation, aeronautics and atmospherical studies. Ozone depletion and global warming models are good examples of discretized continuous systems.

What is probability of rolling an odd number with one roll of number cube?

its the number of odd numbers (3) divided by the total number of numbers

(6)

3/6 = 0.5

Why don't all normal curves have the same standard deviation?

Because the standard deviation is one of the two parameters (the other being the mean) which define the Normal curve. The mean defines the location and the standard deviation defines its shape.

An expression of the risk associated with a hazard that combines its severity and probability into a single Arabic numeral which can be used to help determine hazard abatement priorities?

The combination (product, actually) of a probability and the associated benefit (or cost) of a certain situation is called the "mathematical expectation", "expectation value", or "expected value".

What is the probability that a card will be 6 or less in a deck of 52 cards?

Taking the aces as their face value of 1, then there 6 cards valued 6 or less in each suit in the deck, so 24 cards in total. 24/52 simplifies to 6/13, or a 46.2% chance.

If the aces are 'high' and count as being higher than 6, then it is 5/13, or 38.5% chance.

Why should you calculate standard deviation?

It gives an indication of the spread in the values: are they all very close to the mean value or scattered across a wide range of values? That is important in determining how accurate your point estimate of the mean is.

What does the term probability mean?

It is a measure of how likely it is that a specific event will occur.

It is a measure of how likely it is that a specific event will occur.

It is a measure of how likely it is that a specific event will occur.

It is a measure of how likely it is that a specific event will occur.

What is the probability of spining a number greater than 5?

The answer depends on what you mean by "spining".

If you meant spinning, then it depends on the shape of the spinner and the numbers on it.

The answer depends on what you mean by "spining".

If you meant spinning, then it depends on the shape of the spinner and the numbers on it.

The answer depends on what you mean by "spining".

If you meant spinning, then it depends on the shape of the spinner and the numbers on it.

The answer depends on what you mean by "spining".

If you meant spinning, then it depends on the shape of the spinner and the numbers on it.

Advantages and disadvantages of systematic sampling?

Advantages

1.It is very simple to use.

2.It also saves time and cost.

3.It checks bias in subsequent selections of samples.

4.Its variances are most often smaller than other alternative sampling technique,when it is suitable to use.

Disadvantages

1.There is the possibility of losing vital information from the population.

2.It may not be possible to select the required sample size if the population is too small.

3.It may not be good for periodic data.

What distribution is a sampling distribution referring to?

A sampling distribution refers to the distribution from which data relating to a population follows. Information about the sampling distribution plus other information about the population can be inferred by appropriate analysis of samples taken from a distribution.

How do experimental probability and theoretical probability are related?

EXPERIMENTAL PROBABILITYExperimental probability refers to the probability of an event occurring when an experiment was conducted.)

In such a case, the probability of an event is being determined through an actual experiment. Mathematically,Experimental probability

=Number of event occurrences

Total number of trials

For example, if a dice is rolled 6000 times and the number '5' occurs 990 times, then the experimental probability that '5' shows up on the dice is 990/6000 = 0.165.

On the other hand, theoretical probability is determined by noting all the possible outcomes theoretically, and determining how likely the given outcome is. Mathematically,Theoretical probability

=Number of favorable outcomes

Total number of outcomes

For example, the theoretical probability that the number '5' shows up on a dice when rolled is 1/6 = 0.167. This is because of the 6 possible outcomes (dice showing '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6'), only 1 outcome (dice showing '5') is favorable.

As the number of trials keeps increasing, the experimental probability tends towards the theoretical probability. To see this, the number trials should be sufficiently large in number.

Experimental probability is frequently used in research and experiments of social sciences, behavioral sciences, economics and medicine.

In cases where the theoretical probability cannot be calculated, we need to rely on experimental probability.For example, to find out how effective a given cure for a pathogen in mice is, we simply take a number of mice with the pathogen and inject our cure.

We then find out how many mice were cured and this would give us the experimental probability that a mouse is cured to be the ratio of number of mice cured to the total number of mice tested.

In this case, it is not possible to calculate the theoretical probability. We can then extend this experimental probability to all mice.

It should be noted that in order for experimental probability to be meaningful in research, the sample size must be sufficiently large.

In our above example, if we test our cure on 3 mice and all of these are cured, then the experimental probability that a mouse is cured is 1. However, the sample size is too small to conclude that the cure works in 100% of the cases.

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How many different probabilities?

in maths you can have lots but it is usually the following:

impossible

very unlikely

unlikely

50/50

likely

very likely

certain

What is the probability of the spinner loading on the number 4?

The answer depends on the shape of the spinner and the numbers on it.

What is the difference between a binomial probability and piossion Probability?

Assuming that "piossion" refers to Poisson, they are simply different probability distributions that are applicable in different situations.