Scientific notation is a way of making numbers scientific.?
No, it is not. In many branches of science it is necessary to deal with numbers which are very large or very small and scientific notation is used to represent such numbers more easily.
Is 1 x 10 to the power -1 km correct scientific notation?
Yes, although the one is not necessary. You can just write 10^-1 km
How do you express a number in scienctific notation?
As for example: 19,000,000 = 1.9*107 expressed in scientific notation