Skeletal System

Deliberately harming yourself, including by slitting your wrists, is not a safe or healthy way to cope with emotional distress. If you're experiencing thoughts of self-harm, please seek help immediately. You can reach out to a mental health professional, call a crisis helpline, or speak with a trusted friend or family member for support. There are healthier ways to deal with difficult emotions.

Bone marrow transplant is used in the treatment of noncancerous diseases such as aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and immune system disorders like severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and aplastic immune deficiency. The goal of the transplant is to replace the abnormal or malfunctioning bone marrow with healthy cells to improve the patient's condition.

The axial skeleton comprises the arms and the legs. Most of the bones in the human body are located in these regions.

Arms: clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpals (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, and trapezium), 5 metacarpals, and 15 phalanges.

Legs: OS coxa, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals (talus, calcaneus, 3 cuniforms, navicular, and cuboid), 5 metatarsals, and 15 phalanges.

The two types of joints at the ends of the humerus are the elbow joint, which is a hinge joint that allows flexion and extension, and the shoulder joint, which is a ball-and-socket joint that allows a wide range of motion in multiple directions.

A rib fracture can lead to pain, difficulty breathing deeply, and an increased risk of pneumonia due to limited lung expansion. In severe cases, it can also cause damage to surrounding structures like blood vessels or organs.

The PA (posteroanterior) projection demonstrates the sternum best on an x-ray. The patient is positioned with their back against the image receptor and the x-ray beam directed from behind towards the chest, producing a frontal view of the sternum.

Bones grow in length by endochondral ossification. It begins with cartilage that acts like a model of the bone that will grow. The bone grows in length and diameter(appositional). the structure that allows this is the epiphyseal cartilage that seperates the epiphysis from the diaphysis. When the bone is fully grown this cartilage will become bone and simply the epiphyseal line.

Bone scans are ordered to detect abnormalities in the bones such as fractures, infections, tumors, and bone density issues like osteoporosis. They are often performed to diagnose bone diseases, monitor treatment response, and evaluate the extent of cancer that has spread to the bones.

Two types of tumors are benign and malignant tumors. Benign tumors are usually harmless and grow at a slow rate. However, they can grow larger and become problematic. Malignant tumors are the opposite, growing at a fast rate and causing serious health problems.

Radical neck dissection should not be used when less invasive procedures can achieve the same therapeutic goals, such as modified radical neck dissection or selective neck dissection. It should also be avoided in cases where the risks of surgery outweigh the potential benefits, such as in patients with advanced age or significant comorbidities. Additionally, it may not be appropriate in cases where the patient's quality of life would be significantly compromised by the extensive removal of neck structures.

The fluid is called synovial fluid. It lubricates the joints and reduces friction between the bones during movement.

No, bone is continually being broken down and rebuilt in a process called remodeling. Old bone is constantly being replaced with new bone tissue as part of a healthy bone turnover cycle. This process helps with bone maintenance and repair.

Phalanx is the singular term for the phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes) so there would only ever be one phalanx.

The middle finger is made up of three phalanges as are all the other fingers and toes except for the thumbs and big toes which only have two.

The sinuses are paired air pockets located within the bones of the face. They are: the ethmoid sinuses; located between the eyes, just behind the bridge of the nose.

"Cranial bones are thin and slightly curved. During infancy, these bones are held snugly together by an irregular band of connective tissue called a suture."

Quoted from "Body Structures & Functions: 11th Edition" by Ann Senisi Scott and Elizabeth Fong. Chapter 6: Skeletal System.

Sesamoid bones act to alter the direction of tendon pull by providing a smooth surface over which tendons can pass, reducing friction and enabling more efficient movement. They are typically found in locations where tendons are subject to high stress or where a change in direction is needed, such as in the hands and feet.

A lumbar laminectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing part of the lamina, a bony structure in the spine, to relieve compression on the spinal nerves in the lower back. It is typically done to treat conditions such as spinal stenosis or herniated discs that are causing pain and other symptoms. The goal of the procedure is to reduce pressure on the nerves and alleviate pain and improve function.

Yes, false ribs are still attached to coastal cartilages. Floating ribs aren't.

The crista galli is a bony ridge located on the ethmoid bone in the skull, specifically within the cranial cavity. It is an important landmark for structures that contribute to the sense of smell.

The axial skeleton forms the long axis of the body and includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. Its primary functions are to protect vital organs and provide structural support for the body.

A lucent lesion of the bone and a sclerotic lesion of the bone are both kinds of tumors found in the human body. Lucent lesions are caused by rapid bone injuries, while sclerotic lesions are when the bones start to grow a kind of wall to seclude a damaged area.

A slight crack in a bone is typically referred to as a hairline fracture. These fractures are small and may not always be visible on imaging tests right away, often requiring a period of rest for healing.

The movable base of the tongue is called the hyoid bone. It is a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue muscles and helps to control swallowing and speech.

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are formed in the bone marrow. Additionally, some white blood cells are also produced in the spleen.

Water striders have an exoskeleton, which is a hard outer covering that provides support and protection. This exoskeleton is made of chitin, a tough material that also covers insects and other arthropods.