Sparta

Sparta had a warrior society and the Athens had a a democratic government. Sparta boys began training a 7 years old for a lifetime. Athenian boys attended school if their families could afford it.

Spartan men could return to their homes at the age of 30 after completing their military training and service to the state.

Gerousia was a council of elders in ancient Sparta that was responsible for making important decisions and advising the Spartan kings. The council usually consisted of 28 elders over the age of 60 who were selected for their wisdom and experience. They played a significant role in Spartan political affairs and were highly respected in the society.

They were not servants of the army - they WERE the army which they made up and controlled. Service in the army was a major part of their life. They started training as boys, and were involved in expeditionary forces at various ages, depending on the need. In defence of their city, they turned out no matter how old they were.

Sparta focused on military training and discipline to improve their city-state. They also implemented a strict social hierarchy and emphasized physical fitness to create a strong and loyal citizenry. Additionally, Sparta established a unique system of government with dual kings and an assembly to make decisions.

Spartan women were more emancipated than any other women of the era: they could own and control land and property. They were respected within Spartan society, exercised regularly, mixed freely with men and could not be made to marry before their late teens.

Spartan society lived a kind of army barracks' existence. For the men that meant a strict and daily exercise and weapons training regimen until the were 60; for the women it meant that their children - if boys - were immediately tested for fitness, the unfit being taken out and left to die. The healthy boys would be taken away at age 7 to begin training.

The language spoken in Sparta was Doric Greek. It was a dialect of the Greek language that differed from the Attic Greek spoken in Athens.

Sparta can actually be dated to the Stone Age. However, it became a city-state during the Bronze Age about the seventh century BC.

Sparta was cool. they killed people. Athens was a bunch of panzies.

While they did kill people, they also were the first direct democracy.

^^ Not entirely helpful, but sadly true.

In Sparta they had what we'd call a Constitutional Monarchy. This means that the King of Sparta would basically be a figure-head for the people to rally around; he didn't have any real power (except in wars I think).

Athens however was the origins of Democracy. In Athens though they practised Direct Democracy, which is the citizens of Athens going and voting on particular issues themselves instead of having MPs, or Senators doing it for them.

In most countries that have a Democracy, there is a Representative Democracy which involves voting a person to represent you in the government/parliament/senate.

So...

Sparta = Constitutional Monarchy

Athens = Direct Democracy

Generally when someone says something is Spartan it means it is disciplined and conservative with little to no decoration or color. Someone who wears a black suit every day might be called Spartan, A house that is one color and has plain solid colored furniture would be called Spartan.

First north west to The Dardanelles strait, cross over the temporary bridge to Europe, then west through Thrace, Macedonia, and fially south through Thessally, at the southern end of which lay the pass of Thermopylai leading to southern Greece.

Helen Reddy was born on October 25, 1941

It is Cynisca. She was an ancient Greek princess and the first woman to win at the Olympic Games.

At its peak, Sparta had a total warrior force of around 8,000 to 10,000 soldiers. These soldiers, known as Spartiates, were the elite male citizens who underwent rigorous military training from a young age to become the formidable warriors they were known for.

Sparta was a society that valued physical training and military prowess over intellectual pursuits like writing and reading. Education in Sparta focused on training for combat and preparing for war, with reading and writing considered secondary skills.

Spartan money was easier to use that Athenian money.

Both cities celebrated religious festivals with the male citizens singing and dancing for the gods.

The Athenian version morphed into plays which had dancing choruses.

Just go to 3 then 0 in that order. 300? This is sparta? get it?

Athens sought to avoid land battles with Sparta since Sparta was the strongest land power - to thwart Spartan power on land Athens relied on it's naval assets which were more powerful since Sparta had a limited navy . This did not hold true in the latter stages of the Peloponnesian War where Sparta had developed a stronger navy than the Athenians .

We have reliable historians who have recorded this to be so, but not in quite the romantic way depicted in some accounts and movies. The 300 were the bodyguard of King Leonidas of Sparta. As the invading Persians had a strong amphibious capability which threatened the Greek cities, the cities all kept their main armies back for home defence, including Sparta. So Leonidas took this bodyguard, plus a couple of thousand serfs owned by them as light infantry, to Thermopylai to help the other city contingents hold the pass and force a sea battle in the adjacent strait, in an attempt to cripple the Persian naval forces, and so get rid of the amphibious threat. The sea battle at Artemesion was a failure, and so the sacrifice was in vain. A second sea battle at Salamis, off Athens, was successful, and with the amphibious threat gone, the cities sent their full armies to Plataia the following spring and defeated the Persian land forces and their Greek allies, ending the Persian invasion.

At the age of 30 they were allowed to live with their families, but continued to train until the age of 60 when they retired from military service. ... Because this did not happen until they were 18-20, they were more emotionally mature when they married and closer to the age of their husbands.

Spartans lived more simply, the word Spartan means simple. Sparta was more remote and could not trade with neighboring territories like Athens could. Trade in particular helped develop culture and a societies customs. With no trade, the Spartans were not able to thrive and prosper the way other cultures of Greece did.

In Sparta, the government was headed by two hereditary kings who were pulled from an upper class made up of lifetime military scholars. These men lived most of their lives in barracks, devoted to the arts of war.

There is no historical evidence to support the claim that Spartans killed over 300,000 people. The population of ancient Greece during the time of the Spartans was much smaller than that, and such a claim would be highly unlikely. Additionally, it is also not clear what is meant by "escaping" in this context since Spartan warriors were known for their bravery and commitment to their military duties.