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Topology

While geometry is primarily concerned with the mathematical properties of spatial objects, topology is concerned with the mathematical properties of those objects under continuous deformations. Please post all questions about topological subjects like homeomorphisms, manifolds, convergence, and connectedness, as well as their broad applications in computing, physics, and graph theory, into this category.

1,087 Questions

What does isometric means?

having equal dimensions is what isometric means.

Advantages and disadvantages of network topology?

GO TO armsitgs.wetpaint.com and they have a lot of stuff over topologies it could really help you

Is a rotation an isometric?

Rotations, reflections, and translations are all isometries while a dilation isn't because it doesn't preserve distance

Where are some pictures of real life congruent figures?

our eyes , petals of flowers,wheels of car , bathroom tiles,butterfly's wings,our ears ,cigarettes . :)

How do you calculate the area of a rectangle land whose lengths and widths are different?

Area= width x length

Alternatively, area of irregular or regular polygons can be calculated using SketchAndCalc (see related links below). A free Area and Perimeter Calculator that calculates the area of any shape you draw, regardless of scale or complexity.

What are the subset of a line?

The line, itself, is a subset (though not a proper subset).

A ray is a subset of a line with one end-point which extends in only one direction.

A line segment is a subset of a line with two end points.

A point is a subset of a line.

Finally, nothing is a subset (the null subset) of a line.

What is an affine connection?

In the branch of mathematics called differential geometry, an affine connection is a geometrical object on a smooth manifold which connects nearby tangent spaces, and so permits tangent vector fields to be differentiated as if they were functions on the manifold with values in a fixed vector space.

What is continuity in mathematics?

This normally refers to continuity as a property of certain functions (mappings). They are called continuous if the output depends in a certain way on the input in that a small alteration in the input only leads to a small alteration in the output. Continuous functions can intuitively be drawn with a pencil without ever stopping and beginning again.

More formally, a map between two topological spaces is continuous if the preimage of every open set in the codomain is an open set in the domain.

What is a load balancer?

It's a weight equal to a load, used to balance that load.

Are the real numbers a borel set?

Yes, since the set of real numbers can be expressed as a countable union of closed sets.

In fact if we're talking about subsets of the real numbers (R), then by definition R is in all sigma-algebras of R including the Borel sigma-algebra, and so is a Borel set.

Prove that comb space in a topological space is an example for connectednes but not locally connectedness?

The comb space C=([0,1]X0) union (KX([0,1]) union (0X{0X1]} where K is the set

1/n where n is an integer. It is made up of vertical lines that make it look like a comb. Each of these vertical lines is joined at the bottom to the y axis. You can see immediately the C is connected since each vertical segment is connected and each vertical segment meets the horizontal segment which is also clearly connected. Now, we need to show it is NOT locally connected.

Note the following are equivalent:

(TFAE)

1. A space X is locally connected 2. Components of open subsets in X are open ( in X) 3. X has a basis consisting of connected subsets

Let V be an open ball with the usual metric in the comb space, which I will call C.

Let's put V at the point (0,1/2) and the ball has radius 1/4. The vertical segments of the comb will be the components of V. All of these are open except for ones along the y axis. So we have the {0,y| which is an element of R2 1/4<y<3/4} is not open. This violates condition 2 and we have C is not locally connected.

Note the comb space is path connected as is the deleted comb space. But the comb space is not path connected.

Disadvantages and advantage of hierarchical topology?

is rapid

fast

but it

dont have paths if a line brokes

What is the use of algebraic topology?

Algebraic topology uses algebraic structures (like groups) to characterize and distinguish topological manifolds. So it is useful in any case where manifolds may look very different but in fact be identical. This is often other areas of mathematics or in theoretical physics. A subbranch of algebraic topology which is quite intuitive and which has many clear applications is knot theory. Knot theory is applicable in fields as diverse as string theory (physics) or protein synthesis (biology).

What is the fundamental group of a genus g surface?

The fundamental group of a closed orientable surface of genus g is the quotient of the free group on the 2g generators a1,...,ag,b1,...,bg by the normal subgroup generated by the following product of g commutators: a1b1a1-1b1-1...agbgag-1bg-1.

What is LxWxH?

Length x Width x Height.- witch is also how you work out the volume of a shape

What are the advantages and disadvantages of token ring?

Advantages of token ring: A point to point digital simple engineering, standard twisted pair medium is economical and easy to install, easily detected and corrected in case of cable failure, short frames as no padding of data is required in frame, works best even with heavy load. Disadvantages are: Require a monitor function, substantial delay in cases of low load, can require more wire to run than a bus architecture.

What are the geometry theorems in tenth grade geometry?

Here are some examples of 10th-grade geometry theorems:

https://quizlet.com/subject/geometry-10th-grade-theorems/

Is a dilation an isometry?

A dilation is never an isometry.

I know this because I got the answer wrong on a quiz and I my teacher told me the correct choice.

What is an isometry?

A isometry is a transformation where distance (aka size) is preserved. In a dilation, the size is being altered, so no, it is not an isometry.

How many uppercase letters in the alphabet have rotational symmetry and line symmetry?

A B C D E H K M U V W X Y

* * * * *

What? Most of these letters do not have rotational symmetry and so cannot have rotational AND line symmetry. Or did the meaning of AND change last night?

The only upper case letters with both are H, I, O, X

What angles are isometric shapes drawn at?

Isometric drawings and shapes are angled to 30 degrees.