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An extracellular virus is a virus that exists outside of host cells, in the external environment. It is typically in a metabolically inactive state and is composed of genetic material (either DNA or RNA) encased in a protein coat, sometimes surrounded by a lipid envelope. Extracellular viruses are responsible for infecting host cells, where they can replicate and propagate their genetic material. Their ability to survive outside host cells allows them to spread and infect new hosts.

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