The first explorers to travel beyond the Mediterranean Sea were the Vikings, particularly during the late 8th to early 11th centuries. They ventured into the North Atlantic, reaching as far as Greenland and Newfoundland in North America. Additionally, explorers like Marco Polo and later figures such as Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama significantly expanded European exploration beyond the Mediterranean, opening new trade routes to Asia and the Americas.
Portugal
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The first explorers to travel beyond the Mediterranean Sea were primarily from the region of ancient Greece, specifically the city-state of Athens. Notable figures, such as Pytheas of Massalia, ventured into the Atlantic Ocean and explored areas like Britain and the coasts of northern Europe around the 4th century BCE. Additionally, Phoenician traders from present-day Lebanon also played a significant role in maritime exploration, reaching as far as the coasts of Africa and the Iberian Peninsula.
The earliest explorers of the Mediterranean Sea were likely the ancient Phoenicians, who were skilled sailors and traders around 1500 BCE. They navigated the sea to establish trade routes and colonies, reaching as far as North Africa and Spain. Additionally, the ancient Greeks and Romans later explored and expanded their maritime activities throughout the Mediterranean, contributing to its cultural and economic exchange.
Magellan
Pytheas is believed to have discovered the Atlantic Ocean during his exploration around 330 BC. He is credited with being one of the first known Greek explorers to venture beyond the Mediterranean Sea.
Spanish explorers were the first Europeans to see the canyon.
Apart from the first sea explorers who landed on Australia's shores, people began exploring Australia from the the first year that European settlement began. Governor Arthur Phillip first began exploring beyond Sydney in April 1788, and numerous other explorers followed after him.
The Pioneer 10 spacecraft was the first to travel beyond all planets on June 13, 1983.
Portugal was the first nation to fund exploratory journeys beyond the boundaries of Europe. Portuguese explorers include Ferdinand Magellan, Vasco da Gama, Bartholomeu Dias, and Gaspar and Miguel Corte Real.